eISSN: 1896-9151
ISSN: 1734-1922
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4/2010
vol. 6
 
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Basic research
Vitamin E reversed nicotine-induced toxic effects on bone biochemical markers in male rats

Mohamed Norazlina
,
Hapidin Hermizi
,
Othman Faizah
,
Ahmad Shuid Nazrun
,
Muhammad Norliza
,
Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana

Arch Med Sci 2010; 6, 4: 505-512
Online publish date: 2010/09/07
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Introduction: Vitamin E is beneficial in restoring bone histomorphometric parameters in nicotine-treated rats. This study determined the effectiveness of 3 forms of vitamin E in restoring bone metabolism in nicotine-treated rats.
Material and methods: Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control (C), (2) nicotine cessation (NC), (3) -tocopherol (ATF), (4) tocotrienol-enhanced fraction (TEF) and (5) g-tocotrienol (GTT). Treatment was carried out for 4 months. The control group was administered normal saline and olive oil throughout the treatment period while treatment for groups 2-5 was performed in 2 phases. In the first phase, the groups received nicotine 7 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 2 months. The following 2 months, group 2 received normal saline and olive oil while groups 3-5 received ATF, TEF or GTT, 60 mg/kg orally. Pre-treatment and post-treatment serum was collected for bone biochemical marker measurement using the ELISA method.
Results: Nicotine increased serum bone-resorbing cytokines (interleukin-1 and interleukin-6) and the bone resorption marker pyridinoline (PYD) while reducing the bone formation marker osteocalcin after 2 months of nicotine treatment. The parameters failed to improve after nicotine was stopped for 2 months. Supplementation with the 3 forms of vitamin E improved the parameters, i.e. reduced the cytokines and pyridinoline as well as increased the osteocalcin. In addition, the TEF and GTT groups had a higher level of osteocalcin than the control group.
Conclusions: Nicotine impaired bone metabolism and cessation of nicotine treatment did not reverse the effects. Vitamin E, especially the tocotrienols, restored bone metabolism that was impaired due to nicotine.
keywords:

nicotine, vitamin E, bone metabolism, interleukin, rats

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