Suitable treatment of congenital hypothyroidism guarantees normal intellectual and physical development. The paper introduces the principles of treatment of congenital hypothyroidism, recommended left-thyroxine dosage and the aims of therapy with their motivation. Principles of suitable treatment, specialistic care of the patient and methods of evaluating the treatment effectiveness are described. Based on this data the recommendations concerning the treatment and monitoring of therapy in patients with congenital hypothyroidism have been formulated. The paper also highlights the importance of educating the patient as well as their caretakers as one of the basic elements of an effective therapy.