A controlled clinical study of a two-trocar mini-laparoscopic technique versus the standard laparoscopic technique in treatment of adult renal cysts

Introduction
Laparoscopic renal cyst decortication is currently the best choice for the treatment of simple renal cysts and is widely used in clinical practice

Aim
To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of two-trocar mini-laparoscopic decortication of adult renal cysts.

Material and methods
A total of 90 patients were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups: a two-trocar mini-laparoscopic treatment group (M group) and a three-trocar standard laparoscopic treatment group (S group), with 45 patients in each group.

Results
The average length of hospital stay was shorter, and the demand for postoperative analgesics was less in the M group than in the S group (p < 0.05). The proportion of “very satisfied” patients in the patient physical recovery satisfaction survey was significantly higher in the M group than in the S group (p < 0.05). Of the 45 patients in the M group, 40 successfully underwent surgery. In 3 patients, the two-trocar procedure was converted to a three-trocar procedure due to difficulty in separating perirenal adhesion for visualization. Mini-laparoscopic surgery was converted to classic laparoscopic surgery in 2 patients. In the S group, 44 patients successfully underwent the renal cyst decortication procedure. One patient underwent partial renal resection due to an intraoperative diagnosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. Postoperative urine leakage was reported in 3 patients in the M group and two in the S group.

Conclusions
Two-trocar mini-laparoscopic treatment of renal cysts is as safe and effective as traditional laparoscopy but is associated with less cosmetic damage, leading to a better physical appearance.