Musculoskeletal ultrasound is a branch of imaging of musculoskeletal system with very rapid development. Major advantages of this method are wide access to high quality ultrasound machines, low cost of examination, repeatability, and possibility to perform examination in real-time. Sonography facilitates imaging of soft tissues, muscles, nerves, tendons as well as shapes of cartilages and bones. With the use of Doppler method ultrasound gives insight in the formation and development of bone erosions and assessment of inflammatory activity. In this paper the most important applications of sonography in musculoskeletal system have been reviewed.