Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism

Full text

3/2026 vol. 32
Review paper

Changes in the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents based on recommendations of scientific societies over the last decade

  1. Student Scientific Society, Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

  2. Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2026; 32 (3): 201-218

Data publikacji online: 2026/09/14
Article file
0433_Changes in the diagnosis.pdf
Confronting perimenopausal women’s knowledge of coronary heart disease with their health behaviours. Controversial role of hormone replacement therapy in the protection of coronary heart disease
  1. Chen ZJ, Zhao H, He L, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for polycystic ovary syndrome on chromosome 2p16.3, 2p21 and 9q33.3. Nat Genet 2011; 43: 55–59. doi: 10.1038/ng.732.
  2. Peña AS, Metz M. What is adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome? J Paediatr Child Health 2018; 54: 351–355. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13821.
  3. Oberfield SE, Sopher AB, Gerken AT. Approach to the girl with early onset of pubic hair. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1610–1622. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-0225.
  4. Dewailly D, Robin G, Peigne M, et al. Interactions between androgens, FSH, anti-Müllerian hormone and estradiol during folliculogenesis in the human normal and polycystic ovary. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 22: 709–724. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmw027.
  5. Yılmaz B, Relationship between serum adiponectin and kisspeptin levels and insulin resistance in patients with PCOS. South Clin Ist Eur 2024; 35: 79–84. doi: 10.14744/scie.2024.38268.
  6. Nestler JE. Insulin regulation of human ovarian androgens. Hum Reprod 1997; 12(Suppl 1): 53–62. doi: 10.1093/humrep/12.suppl_1.53.
  7. Akgül S, Düzçeker Y, Kanbur N, et al. Do different diagnostic criteria impact polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis for adolescents? J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2018; 31: 258–262. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.12.002.
  8. Zawadski JK, Dunaif A. Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rational approach. W: Dunaif A, Givens JR, Haseltine F, eds. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Boston: Blackwell Scientific; 1992. p. 377–384.
  9. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 41–47. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deh098.
  10. Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2004; 328: 1490. doi: 10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1490.
  11. AGREE Collaboration. Development and validation of an international appraisal instrument for assessing the quality of clinical practice guidelines: the AGREE project. Qual Saf Health Care 2003; 12: 18–23. doi: 10.1136/qhc.12.1.18.
  12. Brouwers MC, Kho ME, Browman GP, et al. AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care. CMAJ 2010; 182: E839–E842. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.090449.
  13. Witchel SF, Oberfield S, Rosenfield RL, et al. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome during adolescence. Horm Res Paediatr 2015; 83: 376–389. doi: 10.1159/000375530.
  14. Ibáñez L, Oberfield SE, Witchel S, et al. An international consortium update: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescence. Horm Res Paediatr 2017; 88: 371–395. doi: 10.1159/000479371.
  15. Peña AS, Witchel SF, Hoeger KM, et al. Adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome according to the international evidence-based guideline. BMC Med 2020; 18: 72. doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01516-x.
  16. Sebastian MR, Wiemann CM, Bacha F, et al. Diagnostic evaluation, comorbidity screening, and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents in 3 specialty clinics. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2018; 31: 367–371. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2018.01.007.
  17. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021; 372: n71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
  18. Moghetti P, Carmina E, De Leo V, et al. How to manage the reproductive issues of PCOS: a 2015 integrated endocrinological and gynecological consensus statement of the Italian Society of Endocrinology. J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38: 1025–1037. doi: 10.1007/s40618-015-0274-y.
  19. Goodman NF, Cobin RH, Futterweit W, et al. Guide to the best practices in the evaluation and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome – part 1. Endocr Pract 2015; 21: 1291–1300. doi: 10.4158/EP15748.DSC.
  20. Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2018; 110: 364–379. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.004.
  21. Milewicz A, Kudła M, Spaczyński RZ, et al. The polycystic ovary syndrome: a position statement from the Polish Society of Endocrinology, the Polish Society of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians, and the Polish Society of Gynaecological Endocrinology. Endokrynol Pol 2018; 69: 328–344. doi: 10.5603/EP.2018.0046.
  22. Malik S, Jain K, Talwar P, et al. Management of polycystic ovary syndrome in India. Fertil Sci Res 2014; 1: 23–43. doi: 10.4103/2394-4285.146798.
  23. Moran LJ, Tassone EC, Boyle J, et al. Evidence summaries and recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: lifestyle management. Obes Rev 2020; 21: e13046. doi: 10.1111/obr.13046.
  24. International evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome – 2023. Reprod Endocrinol 2023: 59–79. doi: 10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.59-79.
  25. Teede HJ, Mousa A, Tay CT, et al. Summary of the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: an Australian perspective. Med J Aust 2024; 221: 389–395. doi: 10.5694/mja2.52432.
  26. Peña AS, Witchel SF, Boivin J, et al. International evidence-based recommendations for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. BMC Med 2025; 23: 151. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-03901-w.
  27. Young CC, Rew L, Monge M. Transition to self-management among adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome: parent and adolescent perspectives. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 47: 85–91. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.04.024.
  28. Zhao L, Tuo W, Wang J, et al. Age- and sex-specific reference intervals for sex hormones in children in Wuhan: a cross-sectional study of 2,477 healthy children and adolescents. Transl Pediatr 2025; 14: 113–126. doi: 10.21037/tp-24-399.
  29. Adriaansen BPH, Oude Alink SE, Swinkels DW, et al. Reference intervals for serum 11-oxygenated androgens in children. Eur J Endocrinol 2024: lvae008. doi: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae008.
  30. Dhar S, Bhattacharjee P. Clinical-exome sequencing unveils the genetic landscape of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) focusing on lean and obese phenotypes: implications for cost-effective diagnosis and personalized treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14: 24468. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75719-0.
Share
without publication fees