International Association for the Study of Pain recommends a multidisciplinary treatment of patients with chronic pain, paying attention not only on the somatic aspect, but also on the psychological, social, recreational and vocational training for patients. Pharmacotherapy remains the primary therapeutic method, however, should only be part of a complex program of rehabilitation, the effect is not only reducing the level of pain intensity, but also to improve the quality of life of the patient and his return to normal family and social activities. Principles of pharmacological treatment of chronic pain are based on a three-step analgesic ladder, which includes the use of non opioid analgesics initially, in the absence of their effectiveness following a weak opioid, which is on the third level replaced by a strong opioid. Efficacy of pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain can be demonstrated in relation to antidepressants, anticonvulsants, opioids, NMDA receptor antagonists and certain topical medications.