About
Scope & Aims
Editorial office
Editorial board
Ethical standards and procedures
Abstracting and indexing
Contact
Articles & Issues
Current issue
Articles in press
Archive
For Authors
General rules
Ethics in publishing
Guide for authors
Templates
Publication charge
For Reviewers
Our reviewers
Ethics in publishing
Guide for reviewers
Books and Events
Books
Events
ORIGINAL PAPER
Investigating the effects of head posture muscles’ viscoelastic parameters
on pulmonary and functional capacity in healthy individuals
1
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
Submission date: 2020-04-22
Acceptance date: 2020-06-30
Publication date: 2021-08-21
Physiother Quart. 2021;29(3):62-67
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
basic sciencecardiovascular system cardiologyclinical scienceorthopedicsrespiratory system pulmunology
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Forward head posture (FHP) is known to have a large influence on respiratory function by weakening the respiratory muscles. This cross-sectional study is designed to examine the relationship between the tonus, stiffness, and elasticity of head posture muscles and pulmonary capacity.
Methods:
Overall, 16 FHP and 17 non-forward head posture (NFHP) individuals were evaluated. The tonus, stiffness, and elasticity of the upper trapezius, semispinalis capitis, pectoral muscles, and sternocleidomastoid muscles were measured with a MyotonPRO® device. Functional capacity was assessed with the 6-minute walk test. Pulmonary function tests employed a spirometer. The Neck Disability Index was applied. FHP was determined by measuring the craniovertebral angle. Physical activity levels were evaluated with the Physical Activity Index.
Results:
The study involved 18 (54.54%) female and 15 (45.45%) male students. Their mean age was 21.24 ± 1.82 years. Neck Disability Index scores were higher in participants with FHP than in NFHP individuals (p = 0.037). There were no significant differences in the myotonometric measurements of the analysed muscles between FHP and NFHP groups (p > 0.05). Physiological characteristics of FHP and NFHP participants were different in terms of vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and peak forced expiratory volume (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Owing to the pulmonary capacity differences between FHP and NFHP individuals, it can be concluded that FHP affects pulmonary capacity. Also, pectoral muscles and semispinalis capitis muscles play an important role in thoracic expansion and therefore influence vital capacity.
Forward head posture (FHP) is known to have a large influence on respiratory function by weakening the respiratory muscles. This cross-sectional study is designed to examine the relationship between the tonus, stiffness, and elasticity of head posture muscles and pulmonary capacity.
Methods:
Overall, 16 FHP and 17 non-forward head posture (NFHP) individuals were evaluated. The tonus, stiffness, and elasticity of the upper trapezius, semispinalis capitis, pectoral muscles, and sternocleidomastoid muscles were measured with a MyotonPRO® device. Functional capacity was assessed with the 6-minute walk test. Pulmonary function tests employed a spirometer. The Neck Disability Index was applied. FHP was determined by measuring the craniovertebral angle. Physical activity levels were evaluated with the Physical Activity Index.
Results:
The study involved 18 (54.54%) female and 15 (45.45%) male students. Their mean age was 21.24 ± 1.82 years. Neck Disability Index scores were higher in participants with FHP than in NFHP individuals (p = 0.037). There were no significant differences in the myotonometric measurements of the analysed muscles between FHP and NFHP groups (p > 0.05). Physiological characteristics of FHP and NFHP participants were different in terms of vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and peak forced expiratory volume (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Owing to the pulmonary capacity differences between FHP and NFHP individuals, it can be concluded that FHP affects pulmonary capacity. Also, pectoral muscles and semispinalis capitis muscles play an important role in thoracic expansion and therefore influence vital capacity.
REFERENCES (33)
1.
Eshaghi Moghadam R, Rahnama L, Amiri M, Karimi N, Zargosh M. Comparing the thickness of sternocleidomastoid muscle in individuals with forward head posture and normal head posture [in Persian]. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2017;26(145):133–142.
2.
Goh JYK, O’Leary S, Chow A, Russell T, McPhail S. The relationship between forward head posture and cervical muscle performance in healthy individuals. Physiotherapy. 2015;101(Suppl. 1):E461; doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3247.
3.
Han J, Park S, Kim Y, Choi Y, Lyu H. Effects of forward head posture on forced vital capacity and respiratory muscles activity. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(1):128–131; doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.128.
4.
Bokaee F, Rezasoltani A, Manshadi FD, Naimi SS, Baghban AA, Azimi H. Comparison of cervical muscle thickness between asymptomatic women with and without forward head posture. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(3):206–211; doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.04.003.
5.
Peterson Kendall F, Kendall McCreary E, Geise Provance P, McIntyre Rodgers M, Romani WA. Muscles. Testing and function with posture and pain, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
6.
Cagnie B, Cools A, De Loose V, Cambier D, Danneels L. Differences in isometric neck muscle strength between healthy controls and women with chronic neck pain: the use of a reliable measurement. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(11):1441–1445; doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.776.
7.
Koseki T, Kakizaki F, Hayashi S, Nishida N, Itoh M. Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function. J Phys Ther Sci. 2019;31(1):63–68; doi: 10.1589/jpts.31.63.
8.
Lee M-H, Chu M. Correlations between craniovertebral angle (CVA) and cardiorespiratory function in young adults [in Korean]. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2014;9(1):107–113; doi: 10.13066/kspm.2014.9.1.107.
9.
Kocur P, Wilski M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D. Influence of forward head posture on myotonometric measurements of superficial neck muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness in asymptomatic individuals with sedentary jobs. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2019;42(3):195–202; doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.02.005.
10.
Pawaria S, SuDhan DS, Kalra S. Effectiveness of cervical stabilisation exercises on respiratory strength in chronic neck pain patients with forward head posture – a pilot study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2019;13(4):6–9; doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2019/39813.12777.
11.
Agyapong-Badu S, Aird L, Bailey L, Mooney K, Mullix J, Warner M, et al. Interrater reliability of muscle tone, stiffness and elasticity measurements of rectus femoris and biceps brachii in healthy young and older males. Work Papers Health Sci. 2013;1(4):1–11.
12.
Yeo SM, Kang H, An S, Cheong I, Kim Y, Hwang JH. Mechanical properties of muscles around the shoulder in breast cancer patients: intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability of the MyotonPRO. PM R. 2020;12(4):374–381; doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12227.
13.
Bailey L, Samuel D, Warner M, Stokes M. Parameters representing muscle tone, elasticity and stiffness of biceps brachii in healthy older males: symmetry and within-session reliability using the MyotonPRO. J Neurol Disord. 2013;1(1):1000116; doi: 10.4172/jnd.1000116.
14.
ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(1):111–117; doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102.
15.
Gardner RM. Standardization of spirometry: a summary of recommendations from the American Thoracic Society. The 1987 update. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108(2):217–220; doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-108-2-217.
16.
Cruz-Ferreira A, Fernandes J, Gomes D, Bernardo LM, Kirkcaldy BD, Barbosa TM, et al. Effects of Pilates-based exercise on life satisfaction, physical self-concept and health status in adult women. Women Health. 2011;51(3):240–255; doi: 10.1080/03630242.2011.563417.
17.
Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, Aras B, Simsek IE, Yaglý N. The cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of Neck Disability Index in patients with neck pain: a Turkish version study. Spine. 2008;33(11):E362–E365; doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31817144e1.
18.
Genç A, Çelik SU, Genç V, Gökmen D, Tur BS. The effects of cervical Kinesiotaping on neck pain, range of motion, and disability in patients following thyroidectomy: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial. Turk J Med Sci. 2019;49(4):1185–1191; doi: 10.3906/sag-1812-55.
19.
Kim E-K, Kim JS. Correlation between rounded shoulder posture, neck disability indices, and degree of forward head posture. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(10):2929–2932; doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2929.
20.
Engh L, Fall M, Hennig M, Söderlund A. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of goniometric method of measuring head posture. Physiother Theory Pract. 2003;19(3):175–182; doi: 10.1080/09593980307959.
21.
Fard BS, Ahmadi A, Maroufi N, Sarrafzadeh J. Evaluation of forward head posture in sitting and standing positions. Eur Spine J. 2016;25(11):3577–3582; doi: 10.1007/s00586-015-4254-x.
22.
Mooney K, Warner M, Stokes M. Symmetry and within-session reliability of mechanical properties of biceps brachii muscles in healthy young adult males using the MyotonPRO device. Work Papers Health Sci. 2013;1(3):1–11.
23.
Mroczek D, Superlak E, Konefał M, Maćkała K, Chmura P, Seweryniak T, et al. Changes in the stiffness of thigh muscles in the left and right limbs during six weeks of plyometric training in volleyball players. Pol J Sport Tourism. 2018;25(2):20–24; doi: 10.2478/pjst-2018-0010.
24.
Park SK, Yang DJ, Kim JH, Heo JW, Uhm YH, Yoon JH. Analysis of mechanical properties of cervical muscles in patients with cervicogenic headache. J Phys Ther Sci. 2017;29(2):332–335; doi: 10.1589/jpts.29.332.
25.
Pruyn EC, Watsford ML, Murphy AJ. Differences in lower-body stiffness between levels of netball competition. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(5):1197–1202; doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000418.
26.
Ikezoe T, Asakawa Y, Fukumoto Y, Tsukagoshi R, Ichihashi N. Associations of muscle stiffness and thickness with muscle strength and muscle power in elderly women. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2012;12(1):86–92; doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00735.x.
27.
Wu R, Delahunt E, Ditroilo M, Lowery M, De Vito G. Effects of age and sex on neuromuscular-mechanical determinants of muscle strength. Age. 2016;38(3):57; doi: 10.1007/s11357-016-9921-2.
28.
Kapreli E, Vourazanis E, Strimpakos N. Neck pain causes respiratory dysfunction. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70(5):1009–1013; doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.07.050.
29.
Kapreli E, Vourazanis E, Billis E, Oldham JA, Strimpakos N. Respiratory dysfunction in chronic neck pain patients. A pilot study. Cephalalgia. 2009;29(7):701–710; doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01787.x.
30.
Lee Y, Gong W, Kim B. Correlations between cervical lordosis, vital capacity, t-spine ROM and equilibrium. J Phys Ther Sci. 2011:23(1):103–105; doi: 10.1589/jpts.23.103.
31.
Wirth B, Amstalden M, Perk M, Boutellier U, Humphreys BK. Respiratory dysfunction in patients with chronic neck pain – influence of thoracic spine and chest mobility. Man Ther. 2014;19(5):440–444; doi: 10.1016/j.math.2014.04.011.
32.
Dimitriadis Z, Kapreli E, Strimpakos N, Oldham J. Respiratory weakness in patients with chronic neck pain. Man Ther. 2013;18(3):248–253; doi: 10.1016/j.math.2012.10.014.
33.
Tommola M, Ilmarinen P, Tuomisto LE, Lehtimäki L, Niemelä O, Nieminen P, et al. Cumulative effect of smoking on disease burden and multimorbidity in adult-onset asthma. Eur Respir J. 2019;54(3):1801580; doi: 10.1183/13993003.01580-2018.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2544-4395 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
