A symptom of hemoptysis, its definition, classification, etiology and up-to date diagnostics recommendations, with an emphasis on the role of bronchofiberoscopy, is described. It’s recommended to perform bronchofiberoscopy in the case of every patient with hemoptysis of unknown etiology, no matter what is the result of chest x-ray, or whether or not the risk factors for lung cancer are present. Computed tomography of thorax may not take place of bronchofiberoscopy in the diagnostics of hemoptysis.
If the etiology of hemoptysis remains unknown, although bronchofiberoscopy was performed, we suggest performing another bronchofiberoscopy, one or two times.