Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach

Milivoj Dopsaj; Zahi Andraos; Charbel Richa; Antoine Mitri; Elie Makdissi; Allen Zoghbi; Rafif Dandachi; Vadim Erlikh; Evgenii Cherepov; Nerius Masiulis; Anna Nenasheva; Ilona Zuoziene; Stefan Marković; Fadi Fayyad

doi:10.5114/hm.2022.108314

ISSN: 1899-1955

Human Movement

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4/2022
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abstract:

Original paper

Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach

Milivoj Dopsaj

^{1, 2}

,

Zahi Andraos

^{1, 3}

,

Charbel Richa

¹

,

Antoine Abou Mitri

^{1, 4}

,

Elie Makdissi

^{1, 4}

,

Allen El Zoghbi

^{1, 4}

,

Rafif Dandachi

^{1, 4}

,

Vadim V. Erlikh

²

,

Evgenii A. Cherepov

²

,

Nerius Masiulis

⁵

,

Anna V. Nenasheva

²

,

Ilona J. Zuoziene

⁶

,

Stefan Marković

¹

,

Fadi Fayyad

^{1, 7}

Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Institute of Sport, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

Faculty of Sport Sciences, Antonine University, Baabda, Lebanon

Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon

Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania

Department of Sports Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania

Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon

Hum Mov. 2022;23(4):77-87

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108314

Online publish date: 2022/02/21

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AMA

Dopsaj M, Andraos Z, Richa C, et al. Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach. Human Movement. 2022;23(4):77-87. doi:10.5114/hm.2022.108314.

APA

Dopsaj, M., Andraos, Z., Richa, C., Mitri, A. A., Makdissi, E.,  & Zoghbi, A. E. et al. (2022). Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach. Human Movement, 23(4), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108314

Chicago

Dopsaj, Milivoj, Zahi Andraos, Charbel Richa, Antoine A Mitri, Elie Makdissi, Allen E Zoghbi,  and Rafif Dandachi et al. 2022. "Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach". Human Movement 23 (4): 77-87. doi:10.5114/hm.2022.108314.

Harvard

Dopsaj, M., Andraos, Z., Richa, C., Mitri, A., Makdissi, E., Zoghbi, A., Dandachi, R., Erlikh, V., Cherepov, E., Masiulis, N., Nenasheva, A., Zuoziene, I., Marković, S.,  and Fayyad, F. (2022). Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach. Human Movement, 23(4), pp.77-87. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108314

MLA

Dopsaj, Milivoj et al. "Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach." Human Movement, vol. 23, no. 4, 2022, pp. 77-87. doi:10.5114/hm.2022.108314.

Vancouver

Dopsaj M, Andraos Z, Richa C, Mitri A, Makdissi E, Zoghbi A et al. Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach. Human Movement. 2022;23(4):77-87. doi:10.5114/hm.2022.108314.

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Purpose
In daily living, hands are the basic organs for manipulative tasks of the human body, and they are specialized for various motor tasks with different physical object contact situations. Insufficient strength during aging constitutes a key component of sarcopenia and is associated with subsequent disability and mortality. The simplest and very valid test for assessing general strength is the handgrip test, and the need for international standards for grip strength seems very essential. The study aimed to set normative data for different handgrip strength dimensions in an international healthy adult community.

Methods
The maximal muscle force and maximal explosive muscle force for dominant and non-dominant hand were examined across 838 subjects from 11 countries. The result values were compared with the internationally published findings for external validation.

Results
The mean value for both hands maximal strength in an adult male was 997 ± 176 N for the absolute and 11.78 ± 1.95 N/kg for the relative measure; in females, the respective values equalled 550 ± 110 N and 8.49 ± 1.79 N/kg. The mean value for maximal explosive strength in an adult male was 6473 ± 1420 N/s for the absolute and 76.47 ± 16.22 N/s/kg for the relative measure; in adult females, the respective values equalled 3506 ± 915 N/s and 54.13 ± 14.38 N/s/kg.

Conclusions
The normative reference values provided in this study may serve as an international guide for interpreting maximal and explosive handgrip strength measurements obtained from healthy adult individuals of both genders.

keywords:

Maximal and explosive strength normative data for handgrip test according to gender: international standardization approach

Milivoj Dopsaj 1, 2 , Zahi Andraos 1, 3 , Charbel Richa 1 , Antoine Abou Mitri 1, 4 , Elie Makdissi 1, 4 , Allen El Zoghbi 1, 4 , Rafif Dandachi 1, 4 , Vadim V. Erlikh 2 , Evgenii A. Cherepov 2 , Nerius Masiulis 5 , Anna V. Nenasheva 2 , Ilona J. Zuoziene 6 , Stefan Marković 1 , Fadi Fayyad 1, 7

handgrip, maximal strength, explosive strength, international standards, normative values