Orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis in children: a retrospective review of 33 patients

Background
Acute rhinosinusitis occurs commonly in children. Orbital complications are reported in 5% to 7% of patients. Orbital involvement is reported to occur more often in children than in adults.

Objectives
To evaluate the prevalence of orbital complications in children with acute rhinosinusitis

Material and methods
A retrospective study of 33 children referred to our department with orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis between January 2016 and March 2018 was carried out. Patients’ charts were investigated for the following data: gender and morbidity rate in the different age groups. Diagnostic imaging – CT scans and/or X-ray of the paranasal sinuses were analyzed. The incidence of the stages of orbital complications and their primary treatment (conservative or surgery) was evaluated.

Results
Group 1 (0–3 years of age) included 7 children. Group 2 (children aged 4–10 (n = 22) were affected most often. Group 3 (11–18 years of age) involved 4 patients. In a majority of patients, a CT scan was performed. An analysis of the stages of disease according to Chandler’s classification revealed that stage I of orbital complications occurred most frequently, with a predominance in younger children.

Conclusions
The proper distinction between preseptal and orbital cellulitis, and subperiosteal abscess, is crucial in choosing the appropriate treatment strategy. Any delay may result in threatening vision complications.