Psychometric Testing of Patient Empowerment Scale among stroke Muslim in Indonesia

Background
Patient empowerment is a strategy that strengthens the participation of individuals in health care and self-management behavior. Diverse factors affect self-empowerment, the role and effect of which remain unclear.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate psychometric testing of the Patient Empowerment Scale (PES) among Muslim stroke survivors in Indonesia.

Material and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of the Neurology Department Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Regional Public Hospital in Blitar, East Java Indonesia from July 1st to August 30th, 2019. A convenience sample of 344 stroke survivors was recruited to analyze the Patient Empowerment Scale factor structure using exploratory factor analysis. The Patient Empowerment Scale questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire’s reliability was assessed utilizing internal consistency.

Results
The 15-item Indonesian version of the Patient Empowerment Scale was utilized, which contained three sub-scales: patient control of illness, support from others, and acceptance of illness, in which the Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.83, 0.77, and 0.84, respectively. The fit indices in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were as follows: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.90, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.87, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.08, indicating a strong match to the dataset. The internal consistency of the entire scale was acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.90). The value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was 0.90, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity value was significant.

Conclusions
Our recent study indicated that the Indonesian version of the Patient Empowerment Scale was valid, reliable, and an applicable measurement for Muslim stroke survivors.