Splenic rupture is a critical surgical condition that poses an immediate threat to the patient’s life. In most cases, mechanical trauma to the organ results in the rupture of the capsule, leading to hemorrhage into the peritoneal cavity. Spontaneous (pathological) spleen rupture (SPSR) is considered when the etiology of the rupture is non-traumatic. Spontaneous (pathological) spleen rupture is most commonly associated with hematological malignancies, though it remains a rare condition. Only 8 cases have been caused by mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). This review presents the case of a 59-year-old male patient who was treated with emergency splenectomy due to SPSR. Histopathological examination revealed MCL.