Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

Abstract

1/2021 vol. 23
Original paper

Study of dyslipidemia in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in primary health care

José Luís Ferraro 1, 2
,
Inês Rosendo 1, 3, 4
,
Luiz Miguel Santiago 1, 3, 5
,
José Augusto Simões 3, 4, 6
  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
  2. Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
  3. University Clinic of General Practice and Family Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Portugal
  4. CINTESIS – Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Service (Oporto), Portugal
  5. CEISUC – Centre for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra, Portugal
  6. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2021; 23(1): 13–16
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.103150
Online publish date: 2021/04/02
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Background

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is associated with several morbidities. The most important ones are obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. A clear relationship of OSAS and dyslipidemia is yet to be demonstrated.

Objectives

To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia as a morbidity associated with OSAS and to understand its relationship with the severity of OSAS.

Material and methods

We randomly selected 92 patients diagnosed until the end of May 2016 with OSAS from two primary health care units and 184 patients as controls (no OSAS diagnosed) from random lists of patients matched in age and gender with patients with OSAS. We calculated the prevalence of the classified comorbidities (overweight, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 and dyslipidemia) in both groups. We used logistic regression to check the association between them. We evaluated the relationship between dyslipidemia and OSAS severity by using the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI).

Results

The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 80% in patients with OSAS. Patients with OSAS were diagnosed as overweight (97%), had arterial hypertension (89%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (43%). OSAS was not independently related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.101) and to dyslipidemia (p = 0.389). However, overweight and arterial hypertension were related independently to OSAS (p < 0.001) with a risk for OSAS. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with mild, moderate and severe OSAS was 22%, 13% and 25%, respectively.

Conclusions

Patients with OSAS have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia despite not being independently related. There were no statistical differences between patients with mild, moderate and severe OSAS.

Keywords

sleep apnea obstructive, dyslipidemia, overweight, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2

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