Therapeutic use of hypoallergenic formulas in cow's milk allergy, and multiple food allergy in developmental age

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) may affect between 2,0-3,0 percent of infants and young children. Milk proteins may induce allergic reactions and are responsible for a variety of clinical symptoms, involving mainly the skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. The general symptoms such as anaphylaxis are rarely occurring. These CMPA symptoms are easily missed in primary care settings; therefore, the proper knowledge on clinical symptoms, accurate diagnosis and management are desirable. This paper discusses mostly the aspects of treatment of CMA, paying attention to two types of special milk formulas; extensively hydrolysed casein or whey proteins of cow milk (eHF) or elementary formula (amino acids formula; AAF). In AA formula, milk proteins fraction has been replaced with synthetic aminoacids and such formulas are used for the treatment of severe form of cow's milk allergy as well as of multiple food allergies in children.