@Article{Abdelrazik2009,
journal="Archives of Medical Science Special Issues",
issn="1734-1922",
year="2009",
title="Invited reviewL-carnitine and assisted reproduction",
abstract="L-carnitine is required during the oxidation of lipids for the transport of fatty acids from the cytosol into the mitochondria for generation of energy. L-carnitine exerts a substantial antioxidant, anti-cytokines and anti apoptotic actions providing multi-mechanisms protective effects for the cell. The gametes  in vitro  may be exposed to damaging effects from oxidative stress (OS) due to either the high oxygen tension compared to the  in vivo  condition or the preparation producers preceding the  in vitro  fertilization (e.g. sperm preparation procedures preceding the  in vitro  fertilization). Moreover OS can affect the gametes  in vivo  under certain conditions as in endometriosis or leukocytospermia. Oxidative stress and cell apoptosis may adversely impact the fertilization process and the subsequent embryo development and pregnancy outcome. This review discusses the protective effects of L-carnitine for gametes and embryos and how it may help improve the embryogenesis and the  in vitro  fertilization outcome.",
author="Abdelrazik, Hussein
and Agarwal, Ashok",
pages="47--47",
url="https://www.termedia.pl/Invited-review-L-carnitine-and-assisted-reproduction,52,12578,1,1.html"
}