@Article{Duś2009,
journal="Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii",
issn="1642-395X",
volume="26",
number="4",
year="2009",
title="Review paperGenital ulcer diseases as an entry for HIV infection",
abstract="Genital ulcer diseases (GUDs) are documented agents facilitating HIV-1 infection. The main pathogens causing GUDs are: Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Treponema pallidum and Haemophilus ducreyi. It is suggested that these diseases may increase the risk of HIV transmission even a hundredfold. A few mechanisms facilitating HIV penetration into the organism are considered. The first one is disruption of the epidermis or mucous membranes, creating a physical entry point for an infection. The next one is an increased number of inflammatory infiltration cells such as macrophages and T-lymphocytes. Increased expression (up-regulation) of HIV co-receptors \– CCR5 and CXCR4 \– on the surface of macrophages and lymphocytes in lesions is an additional risk factor of HIV infection. In the paper relationships between GUDs and HIV acquisition are described.",
author="Duś, Monika
and Łuczkowska, Magdalena
and Żaba, Ryszard",
pages="206--211",
url="https://www.termedia.pl/Review-paper-Genital-ulcer-diseases-as-an-entry-for-HIV-infection,7,13032,1,1.html"
}