@Article{Amin2010,
journal="Archives of Medical Science",
issn="1734-1922",
volume="6",
number="1",
year="2010",
title="Prevalence of transthoracic echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage",
abstract=" Introduction:   This study investigated the prevalence of transthoracic echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in sinus rhythm.   Material and methods:   The patients included 120 with IS, 30 with SAH, and  41 with ICH. All diagnoses were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging or brain computed tomography. Two-dimensional echocardiograms were taken at the time stroke was diagnosed. All echocardiograms were interpreted by an experienced echocardiographer.   Results:   Of 120 IS patients, 1 (1%) had a left ventricular (LV) thrombus, 1 (1%) had mitral valve vegetations, 30 (25%) had LV hypertrophy, 26 (22%) had abnormal LV ejection fraction, 4 (3%) had mitral valve prolapse, 33 (28%) had mitral annular calcium (MAC), 40 (33%) had aortic valve calcium (AVC), 3 (3%) had a bioprosthetic aortic valve, 10 (8%) had aortic stenosis (AS), 6 (5%) had atrial septal aneurysm, 2 (2%) had patent foramen ovale, and 40 (33%) had no abnormalities. Of 30 SAH patients, 5 (17%) had LV hypertrophy, 1 (3%) had abnormal LV ejection fraction, 1 (3%) had AS, 4 (13%) had MAC, 5 (17%) had AVC, and 20 (67%) had no abnormalities. Of 41 ICH patients, 9 (22%) had LVH, 1 (2%) had abnormal LV ejection fraction, 1 (3%) had AS, 6 (15%) had MAC, 8 (20%) had AVC, and 22 (54%) had no abnormalities.   Conclusions:   Transthoracic echocardiographic abnormalities are more prevalent in patients with IS than in patients with SAH or ICH.",
author="Amin, Harshad
and Aronow, Wilbert
and Lleva, Paul
and McClung, John A.
and Desai, Harit
and Gandhi, Kaushang
and Marks, Stephen
and Singh, Brij",
pages="40--42",
doi="10.5114/aoms.2010.13505",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2010.13505"
}