@Article{Baumgart2014,
journal="Biology of Sport",
issn="0860-021X",
volume="31",
number="3",
year="2014",
title="DIFFERENT ENDURANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF FEMALE AND MALE GERMAN SOCCER PLAYERS",
abstract="The aims of the present study were to assess gender differences regarding lactate threshold and  intermittent shuttle run performance in female and male soccer players as well as to investigate the relationships  between both endurance characteristics in both genders. Fourteen female (1st division) and thirteen male (4th  division) soccer players completed an incremental test (IT) to determine running velocities at 2 and 4 mmol · l-1  blood lactate (v2 and v4) and maximum velocity (vmax) as well as an interval shuttle run test (ISRT) to determine  running distance. Based on v2 and v4 and their percentages in relation to vmax, three intensity zones were  calculated: a low lactate zone (<v2), a lactate accommodation zone (v2 to v4), and a lactate accumulation  zone (>v4). Female soccer players have a lower v4 (8.2%), vmax (11.3%) and ISRT distance (31.6%). No gender  difference was found in v2. In contrast to males, ISRT distance correlates with vmax as well as with v2 and v4  in female soccer players. The intensity zones  v4 differ between genders. The present study revealed  that gender differences increase when the running performance is intermittent including change of directions.  In both genders, different relationships between lactate threshold and intermittent shuttle run performance exist.  During incremental testing, the running performances of female and male players reflect different distributions  of aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways. The revealed gender differences should be considered for soccer  endurance training.",
author="Baumgart, C.
and Hoppe, M.W.
and Freiwald, J.",
pages="227--232",
doi="10.5604/20831862.1111851",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1111851"
}