@Article{Koper2014,
journal="Dermatology Review/Przegląd Dermatologiczny",
issn="0033-2526",
volume="101",
number="4",
year="2014",
title="Stewart-Treves syndrome – case report and review of the literature",
abstract=" Introduction . Chronic lymphedema, mainly due to total mastectomy with axillary lymph nodes dissection for breast cancer, can induce development of rare and highly malignant cutaneous angiosarcoma. This condition is called Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS). There are only about 400 cases of STS reported in the literature. The long-term prognosis is poor; 5-year survival is up to 10%. Limb amputation appears to be the treatment of choice.   Objective . To present a case of Stewart-Treves syndrome with a fatal outcome, which developed 12 years after mastectomy with lymphadenectomy.   Case report . A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our department for confluent purpuric macules, hemorrhagic blisters, and violaceous-black nodules, involving the whole left arm and forearm, with chronic severe lymphedema of the extremity. She had a history of left-sided breast cancer 12 years previously, treated with mastectomy with excision of axillary lymph nodes; subsequently, the failure of lymph drainage and lymph stasis developed. Histopathological examination of the tumor was consistent with angiosarcoma. The patient was disqualified from a surgical procedure due to the late stage of malignancy and died approximately a month later.   Conclusions . Given unsatisfactory treatment options, the prevention of long-lasting lymphedema is crucial to improve prognosis of patients with breast cancer.",
author="Koper, Marta
and Serwin, Agnieszka
and Zdrodowska-Stefanow, Bożena
and Flisiak, Iwona",
pages="304--308",
doi="10.5114/dr.2014.45125",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/dr.2014.45125"
}