@Article{Çakmak2015,
journal="Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii",
issn="1642-395X",
volume="32",
number="5",
year="2015",
title="Etiopathogenetic factors, thyroid functions and thyroid autoimmunity in melasma patients",
abstract=" Introduction : Melasma is a common chronic, acquired pigmentation disorder with a significant impact on the quality of life of patients.    Aim:   To investigate the etiopathogenetic factors, thyroid functions and thyroid autoimmunity in patients with melasma.   Material and methods : Forty-five women with melasma and 45 age-matched healthy women were included in the study group. A detailed history was taken from the patients including triggering factors of melasma. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin (AbTG) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (Ab-TPO) were measured and thyroid ultrasonography was performed for each subject.   Results : In 26.7% of patients, pregnancy, in 17.8%, oral contraceptive use and in 13.3%, intense sunlight exposure were the triggering factors. 17.8% of patients had a family history of melasma. FT4, TSH and AbTG levels were significantly higher in the patient group.   Conclusions : The results suggest that a combination of factors including pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, sunlight and genetic factors often trigger melasma. Thyroid hormones and thyroid autoimmunity may also play a role in the pathogenesis which needs to be proven by further studies.",
author="Çakmak, Seray Külcü
and Özcan, Nimet
and Kılıç, Arzu
and Koparal, Suha
and Artüz, Ferda
and Çakmak, Atıl
and Köse, Kenan",
pages="327--330",
doi="10.5114/pdia.2015.54742",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pdia.2015.54742"
}