@Article{Gineviciene2016,
journal="Biology of Sport",
issn="0860-021X",
volume="33",
number="3",
year="2016",
title="Association analysis of ACE, ACTN3 and PPARGC1A gene polymorphisms in two cohorts of European strength and power athletes",
abstract="The performance of professional strength and power athletes is influenced, at least partly, by genetic components. The main aim of this study was to investigate individually and in combination the association of  ACE  (I/D),  ACTN3  (R577X) and  PPARGC1A  (Gly482Ser) gene polymorphisms with strength/power-oriented athletes’ status in two cohorts of European athletes. A cohort of European Caucasians from Russia and Lithuania (161 athletes: by groups – weightlifters (87), powerlifters (60), throwers (14); by elite status – ‘elite’ (104), ‘sub-elite’ (57); and 1,202 controls) were genotyped for  ACE ,  ACTN3  and  PPARGC1A  polymorphisms. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistically significant differences in  ACTN3  (R577X) allele/genotype distribution were not observed in the whole cohort of athletes or between analysed groups separately when compared with controls. The odds ratio for athletes compared to controls of the  ACE  I/I genotype was 1.71 (95% CI 1.01-2.92) in the Russian cohort and for the  ACE  I/D genotype it was 2.35 (95% CI 1.10-5.06) in the Lithuanian cohort. The odds ratio of being a powerlifter in  PPARGC1A  Ser/Ser genotype carriers was 2.11 (95% CI: 1.09-4.09, P = 0.026). The  ACTN3  (R577X) polymorphism is not associated with strength/power athletic status in two cohorts of European athletes. The  ACE  I/I genotype is probably the ‘preferable genotype’ for Russian athletes and the  ACE  I/D genotype for Lithuanian strength/power athletes. We found that the  PPARGC1A  (Gly482Ser) polymorphism is associated with strength/power athlete status. Specifically, the  PPARGC1A  Ser/Ser genotype is more favourable for powerlifters compared to controls.",
author="Gineviciene, V
and Jakaitiene, A
and Aksenov, MO
and Aksenova, AV
and Druzhevskaya, AM
and Astratenkova, IV
and Egorova, ES
and Gabdrakhmanova, LJ
and Tubelis, L
and Kucinskas, V
and Utkus, A",
pages="199--206",
doi="10.5604/20831862.1201051",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1201051"
}