@Article{Radziwiłłowicz2017,
journal="Alcoholism and Drug Addiction/Alkoholizm i Narkomania",
issn="0867-4361",
volume="30",
number="1",
year="2017",
title="Temporal orientation and self-experience of Narcotics Anonymous",
abstract=" Introduction : The  aim of  the  study was to analyse temporal orientation and its relationship with self-experience in drug dependent persons from Narcotics Anonymous (NA) community. The  relationship between the  dimensions of  psychopathological self, temporal perspective and between sociodemographic variables and involvement in NA actions was examined.    Material and methods : We investigated 30 persons (10 women, 20 men) from NA. The  average age was 33.6, presence in NA – 66.1 months, duration of  abstinence – 53.3 months. We applied the  questionnaires: Time perception, “Carpe Diem”, Ego-Psychopathology and a  sociodemographic question¬ naire.   Results : Higher levels of  education favour a  positive perception of  the  past. The  involvement (or not) in NA activities differentiates the  study group in the  measured psychological variables (temporal perspective and dimensions of  psychopathological self). The  persons who have a  sponsor show less negative attitude towards the  past. Those on service for NA have a  greater sense of  self-consistency and are less focused on the  negative past. Those who act as a  sponsor exhibit greater sense of  self-consistency and self-identity, in the  perception of  the  present are characterised by lower fatalism. The  present hedonistic perspective is a  dominant temporal orientation and is associated with a  worse sense of  self-vitality, self-activity and self-consistency in the  whole examined group. The  present fatalistic perspective coincides with a  weaker self-identity while the  past negative perspective with a  weaker sense of  self-consistency.   Conclusions : The  results might be important in the  treatment of  drug dependent persons. It should be focused on weakening the  negative past and present fatalistic perspective, motivating addicts to engage in NA as well as enhancing future and “Carpe Diem” perspectives.",
author="Radziwiłłowicz, Wioletta
and Karolewska, Izabela",
pages="59--84",
doi="10.5114/ain.2017.68443",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ain.2017.68443"
}