@Article{Smusz2018,
journal="Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum",
issn="1734-1558",
volume="14",
number="4",
year="2018",
title="Agenesis of second premolar
teeth - diagnostics and
treatment",
abstract="Agenesis of second premolar teeth represents a problem  that dentists and orthodontists deal with on a daily basis,  and which will occur with greater and greater prevalence  due to a tendency for the number of teeth to decrease  evolutionally. Besides being an obvious aesthetic defect, the  absence of teeth may cause serious functional effects such  as, for example, malocclusion. Depending on the author of  a research study, agenesis prevalence rate is reported to  amount to 0.3 – 36.5 per cent, which suggests that it is  a problem that every orthodontist will, sooner or later, have  to handle. Very delayed development of second premolars  described in the literature may also cause serious problems.  Aim. This article is an attempt to present the problem in its  entirety. It will discuss patient diagnostics, treatment planning  in cases where buds of second premolars are missing as well  as common tooth anomalies in subjects from the sample  under examination. Material and methods. Selected  scientific articles from the years 1939-2015 have been  reviewed. Results and conclusions. A clinician has at their  disposal at least several tools allowing for separation of  patients that can be found in a group being at risk of agenesis  or late development of second premolar teeth. A clinician may refer to the chronological age, adjacent teeth development  stage or certain phenotypic traits described. A diagnosis  made correctly is the foundation of good treatment strategy,  which has to take into account a large number of the abovementioned  factors. The best choice in these days when full  wide smiles are preferred seems to be to leave the deciduous  tooth in place for as long as possible. (Smusz MP. Agenesis  of second premolar teeth - diagnostics and treatment.  Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 284-95).",
author="Smusz, Mirosław Piotr",
pages="284--295",
url="https://www.termedia.pl/Agenesis-of-second-premolar-r-nteeth-diagnostics-and-r-ntreatment,143,37186,1,1.html"
}