@Article{Laskowska2018,
journal="Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum",
issn="1734-1558",
volume="14",
number="4",
year="2018",
title="Incontinentia pigmenti
– a description of three cases",
abstract="Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) or the Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome  is a rare genetic dermatosis that occurs in females, which is  classified as an ectodermal dysplasia. Papulovesicular eruptions  appear on the skin in the first days of a patient’s life and then,  with the lapse of time they become verrucous and  hyperpigmentation lesions evolving into incontinentia pigmenti  achromians. Apart from such characteristic cutaneous lesions,  female patients suffering from incontinentia pigmenti may  also present other cutaneous symptoms, as well as motor  system and ophthalmological dysfunctions. In 54 per cent of  patients dental symptoms are observed, those including mainly  hypodontia, pegged teeth and delayed tooth eruption. Aim.  The aim of this study was to describe three cases of female  patients diagnosed with the IP syndrome who were being treated in the Department of Orthodontics of the Medical  University of Warsaw. Case descriptions. Descriptions of  three cases of female patients with diagnosed IP were  presented. The patients had cutaneous lesions typical for IP.  Medical interviews and physical examinations were conducted  with them all; radiographs were performed and diagnostic  casts were made. Class III malocclusions were diagnosed as  well as dental abnormalities characteristic for IP (hypodontia,  malformation of teeth). Conclusions. An early diagnosis allows  for a child to receive a multispecialist medical and dental care.  An interdisciplinary approach makes it possible to reach,  functionally and esthetically, satisfactory results in the  treatment and maintain patients’ teeth in good health until  the period of adultness thus ensuring that the physical and  mental state of female patients affected by the syndrome  improves. (Laskowska M, Dąbkowska M, Szpinda-  Barczyńska A, Witanowska J, Zadurska M. Incontinentia  pigmenti – a description of three cases. Orthod Forum  2018; 14: 321-32).",
author="Laskowska, Małgorzata
and Dąbkowska, Małgorzata
and Szpinda-Barczyńska, Anna
and Witanowska, Joanna
and Zadurska, Małgorzata",
pages="321--332",
url="https://www.termedia.pl/Incontinentia-pigmenti-r-n-a-description-of-three-cases,143,37189,1,1.html"
}