@Article{G. Sydney2023,
journal="Biology of Sport",
issn="0860-021X",
volume="40",
number="1",
year="2023",
title="Substitute running outputs in elite youth male soccer players:
less peak but greater relative running outputs",
abstract="Coaches consider substitute players to be a substantial factor in influencing the outcome of  a soccer match. Substitute players are expected to make physical impact on the match by superseding the  running output of the player they replaced and are a key tool for managing in-game fatigue and influencing  the outcome of a game. This study investigated the physical impact and internal response of substitute players,  compared to starting and full-match players. We also sought to determine if differences between substitution  statuses were influenced by playing position. Players wore 15-Hz global positioning system tracking devices  across 29 competition matches and were categorised according to their substitution status (full-match, starters,  substitutes) and playing position (external defender, midfield, external attacker and central attacker). Peak total  (TD) and high-speed running (> 5.0 m/s) distance (HSRD) were calculated using 1-, 2- and 5-minute rolling  epochs. Relative running demands were reported as TD and HSRD per minute of total playing time. Substitute  players performed less peak TD and HSRD in 1-, 2- and 5-minute epochs, and reported lower RPE compared  to starting and full-match players. In contrast, substitutes performed greater relative HSRD per minute than  starting and full-match players (p < 0.001, |d| range = 0.35–1.34). In conclusion, substitute players may  have a relative physical impact but do not replicate or supersede the peak demands of full-match players.  Coaches and practitioners should implement targeted warm-up interventions to enhance substitute readiness  to meet the peak running demands in order to have a more effective physical impact.",
author="G. Sydney, Michael
and Ball, Nick
and K. Mara, Jocelyn
and Chapman, Dale
and Wollin, Martin",
pages="241--248",
doi="10.5114/biolsport.2023.112969",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2023.112969"
}