@Article{Krzysztofik2025,
journal="Biology of Sport",
issn="0860-021X",
volume="42",
number="1",
year="2025",
title="Effects of 6 weeks of complex training on athletic performance
and post-activation performance enhancement effect magnitude
in soccer players: a cross-sectional randomized study",
abstract="This study aimed to determine the effect of complex training (CT) on post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effect magnitude, 5- and 30-m linear sprint, 5-0-5 change of-direction (COD), back squat (BS) and hip thrust (HT) one-repetition maximum [1RM], and jumping performance (countermovement jump [CMJ], drop jump [DJ], and broad jump [BJ]). The PAPE effect was elicited before and after each intervention by 3 BS repetitions at 90% 1RM and verified by CMJ performance. Twenty-four soccer players were randomly and equally assigned to 6 weeks of either medium (MED; [65–70%1RM]) or high-intensity (HIGH; [80–85%1RM]) CT performed twice a week. The HIGH group significantly improved their 5-m time ( p  < 0.001; effect size [ES] = 1.91), 30-m time ( p  = 0.001; ES = 0.66), BS 1RM ( p  = 0.019; ES = 0.19) and HT 1RM ( p  = 0.035; ES = 0.26), BJ length ( p  = 0.012; ES = 0.62) and DJ height ( p  = 0.002; ES = 0.57) from pre- to post-intervention. The MED group significantly improved their 5-m time ( p  = 0.004; ES = 0.52), BS 1RM ( p  = 0.019; ES = 0.36) and BJ length ( p  = 0.012; ES = 0.7). Significantly shorter 5-m sprint time ( p  = 0.001; ES = 1.63) and greater DJ height percentage increase ( p  < 0.001; ES = 1.81) were found in the HIGH group compared to the MED group. Moreover, a significant main effect of the group, indicating a higher PAPE response in the MED group compared to the HIGH group for CMJ peak power output, was observed at both pre- and post-CT intervention ( p  = 0.045;  η 2   = 0.171). Six weeks of either medium or high-intensity CT could be used to enhance jumping performance, linear speed and lower-body maximum strength among soccer players. Superior improvements in acceleration and DJ might be expected after high-intensity CT than medium intensity. Medium-intensity CT can improve PAPE response.",
author="Krzysztofik, Michał
and Jarosz, Jakub
and Urbański, Robert
and Aschenbrenner, Piotr
and Stastny, Petr",
pages="211--221",
doi="10.5114/biolsport.2025.139849",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2025.139849"
}