@Article{Michel2026,
journal="Biology of Sport",
issn="0860-021X",
year="2026",
title="Integrated monitoring in high-performance tennis: tools and strategies across monitoring horizons and player needs – a scoping review",
abstract=" Monitoring is a cornerstone of athlete management in high-performance sport. In tennis,  intermittent match-play, frequent transitions between training and competition, and contextual variability create  a complex monitoring environment. Although numerous technologies quantify physiological, mechanical, and  subjective responses, their use remains inconsistent. This scoping review aimed to map the technologies and  metrics used to monitor training load and recovery in high-performance tennis, and to evaluate their practical  applicability across different monitoring horizons. PubMed, Scopus, and SportDiscus were systematically searched.  Studies reporting tennis-specific monitoring of physiological, mechanical, or perceptual metrics during training  and/or match-play were included. Studies were categorised according to monitoring horizons (session/match;  training blocks: 1–16 weeks; seasonal: \> 16 weeks), metric type, and application context. Forty studies were  included. Internal and subjective measures – particularly session-rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) – were  most commonly reported, reflecting their high feasibility and low cost. The use of external-load technologies  has increased, providing tennis-specific insights into movement and stroke demands. However, heterogeneity  persists in devices, variable definitions, and reported outputs. Session-level studies indicate that tennis is  characterised by moderate average demands, pronounced transient peaks, and elevated psychophysiological  stress during competition. The available literature may be usefully organised across three monitoring horizons:  session, block, and season. sRPE appears to provide a feasible and low-burden component of monitoring,  whereas external-load technologies may add value when focused on validated, tennis-specific variables and  interpreted within context. ",
author="Michel, Marie-Florine
and Reid, Machar
and Duboscq, Jean-Marc
and Brechbuhl, Cyril
and Girard, Olivier",
pages="293--314",
doi="10.5114/biolsport.2027.166419",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2027.166419"
}