@Article{Olakowski2007,
journal="Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny",
issn="1895-5770",
volume="2",
number="4",
year="2007",
title="Review paperThe role of growth factors in pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Part III: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)",
abstract="Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binds with three receptors (VEGFR). VEGFR-1 and 2 are situated mainly in the vascular endothelium whereas VEGFR-3 is located in thelymphatic endothelium. Expression of VEGF is observed in cancer cells in 56-93% of specimens derived from surgically excised pancreatic tumours. There is a correlation between VEGF expression in cancer cells and vascular density in cancer tissue. Some authors have observed a relationship between VEGF expression in cancer cells and grading, staging, liver metastases and survival. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family consists of polypeptic ligands IGF-I and IGF-II, 2 types of cell membrane receptors, IGF-IR and IGF-IIR, and 6 binding proteins (IGFBP). Overexpression of IGF and its receptor IGF-IR was observed both in pancreatic cancer cells and in adjacent connective tissue. In pancreatic cancer cells also overexpression of IGF-IIR was demonstrated.",
author="Olakowski, Marek",
pages="181--184",
url="https://www.termedia.pl/Review-paper-The-role-of-growth-factors-in-pathogenesis-of-pancreatic-cancer-Part-III-Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-VEGF-and-insulin-like-growth-factors-IGFs-,41,8826,1,1.html"
}