Introduction:

Kaposi sarcoma is a rare angioproliferative neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) present in five variants: classic, endemic, iatrogenic, epidemic, and men having sex with men without HIV infection.

Objective:

To present a rare case of Kaposi sarcoma with spontaneous remission of skin lesions without specific treatment, raising questions about whether it is a classic or iatrogenic variant exacerbated by the glucocorticosteroid therapy initiated in the meantime.

Case report:

A 63-year-old HIV-negative male presented with nodular lesions on his forearms, feet, and hands. Histological examination confirmed Kaposi sarcoma. Despite rapid lesion progression, the patient experienced significant remission without targeted oncological treatment. He had previously received dexamethasone therapy, and its discontinuation might have contributed to lesion regression.

Conclusions:

This case highlights the challenges in differentiating Kaposi sarcoma subtypes, particularly in patients on concurrent steroid therapy. Observed in our case remission may be linked to systemic glucocorticosteroids withdrawal, emphasizing their potential role in exacerbating the disease course.