A rare case of disseminated peritoneal cylindromatosis was presented. A young woman was admitted to hospital after removal of a right ovarian cystic tumour. Multiple histological re-examinations suggested the presence of a dermoid cyst, i.e. adult teratoma additionally with granulosa cell tumour and endometrioid cancer. Six years after complete removal of neoplastic foci, a routine examination revealed multiple nodular lesions inside the pelvis and in the pelvic peritoneum. Multiple histological studies confirmed the presence of a cylindroma. Based on the broad histochemistry and immunohistochemistry (periodic acid Shiff, Ber-EP4, p63, CKAE1/AE3, CEA positive, as opposed to negative results with inhibin, calretinin, CK7 and only focally positive for EMA; Ki 67 mitotic index did not exceed 5% of cells), granulosa cell tumour and endometrioid cancer was excluded. A comparison of the surgical material with the specimens taken from the primary lesion operated eight years earlier showed a similarity of histological images. Our case of peritoneal dissemination of eccrine cylindroma arising from dermoid cyst suggests the introduction of the term peritoneal cylindromatosis for similar cases.