Herbal supplements are often considered safe despite limited regulation and a known risk of herb-induced liver injury. Chelidonium majus (CM) has been associated with hepatotoxicity, typically after prolonged use. This review examines whether liver injury can also occur after short-term exposure. A structured search of PubMed identified reports of CM-related hepatotoxicity, and a recent case of acute liver injury after single use of a non-standardized CM preparation was included as an illustrative example. Existing literature describes CM hepatotoxicity as a predominantly hepatocellular injury developing over weeks to months, with improvement after discontinuation. However, emerging evidence indicates that severe injury may also occur after short-term use, particularly with liquid or non-standardized formulations. An illustrative case of acute hepatocellular injury following ingestion of Bolotov’s ferment, a homemade herbal preparation, is consistent with this possibility. CM-related hepatotoxicity may therefore occur after brief exposures, highlighting the need to assess herbal use in unexplained hepatitis.