Comparative Study of Potassium Hydroxide, Parker Ink and Chicago Sky Blue for Diagnosing Dermatophytosis

Introduction
Superficial fungal infections affect approximately 20–25% of the global population, with dermatophytosis representing the most common form. Although diagnosis is often based on clinical presentation, laboratory confirmation is frequently required. Direct microscopic examination with potassium hydroxide is widely used; however, its diagnostic performance may vary. Alternative staining techniques may enhance fungal visualization.

Objective
To compare the diagnostic performance of potassium hydroxide, Parker ink staining, and Chicago sky blue staining in patients with dermatophytosis.

Material and methods
In this prospective observational study, skin scrapings, nail scrapings, and hair samples from patients with clinically suspected dermatophytosis were examined using the three staining methods.

Results and conclusions
Chicago sky blue demonstrated the highest sensitivity and specificity, followed by Parker ink and potassium hydroxide. This method also showed the best predictive values and overall diagnostic accuracy, indicating superior performance and potential usefulness in routine clinical practice.