1. World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10-th edition) [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2025 Jan 25]. Available from: https://icd.who.int/
2.
Simon GE, Moise N, Mohr DC. Management of Depression in Adults. JAMA 2024; 332: 141.
3.
Block SD. Assessing and managing depression in the terminally ill patient. ACP-ASIM End-of-Life Care Consensus Panel. American College of Physicians – American Society of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 209-218.
4.
King DA, Heisel MJ, Lyness JM. Assessment and psychological treatment of depression in older adults with terminal or life-threatening illness. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 2005; 12: 339-353.
5.
Dzier¿anowski T. Definitions of palliative care – narrative review and new proposal. Palliat Med 2021; 13: 187–200.
6.
Etkind SN, Bone AE, Gomes B, Lovell N, Evans CJ, Higginson IJ, et al. How many people will need palliative care in 2040? Past trends, future projections and implications for services. BMC Med 2017; 15: 102.
7.
Mitchell AJ, Chan M, Bhatti H, Halton M, Grassi L, Johansen C i wsp. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder in oncological, haematological, and palliative-care settings: a meta-analysis of 94 interview-based studies. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 160-174.
8.
Walker J, Holm Hansen C, Martin P, Sawhney A, Thekkumpurath P, Beale C i wsp. Prevalence of depression in adults with cancer: a systematic review. Ann Oncol 2013; 24: 895-900.
9.
Sudarisan SSP, Abraham B, George C. Prevalence, correlates of depression, and its impact on quality of life of cancer patients attending a palliative care setting in South India. Psychooncology 2019; 28: 1308-1313.
10.
Lim GY, Tam WW, Lu Y, Ho CS, Zhang MW, Ho RC. Prevalence of Depression in the Community from 30 Countries between 1994 and 2014. Sci Rep 2018; 8: 2861.
11.
Khosla D, Patel FD, Sharma SC. Palliative care in India: current progress and future needs. Indian J Palliat Care 2012; 18: 149-154.
12.
Dzier¿anowski T. Accessibility of palliative care for adults in Poland. Palliat Med 2020; 12: 75-83.
13.
Bužgová R, Jarošová D, Hajnová E. Assessing anxiety and depression with respect to the quality of life in cancer inpatients receiving palliative care. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2015; 19: 667-672.
14.
Abstracts for MASCC/ISOO Annual Meeting 2022. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2022; 30: 1-207. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-07099-y.
15.
Badger TA, Braden CJ, Mishel MH, Longman A. Depression burden, psychological adjustment, and quality of life in women with breast cancer: Patterns over time. Res Nurs Health 2004; 27: 19-28.
16.
Saevarsdottir T, Fridriksdottir N, Gunnarsdottir S. Quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression of patients receiving cancer chemotherapy: longitudinal study. Cancer Nurs 2010; 33: E1-E10.
17.
Gonçalves F, Gaud˜ncio M, Paiva I, Semedo VA, Rego F, Nunes R. Impact of symptom distress on the quality of life of oncology palliative care patients: a Portuguese cross-sectional study. Healthcare 2024; 12: 2487.
18.
Giese-Davis J, Collie K, Rancourt KMS, Neri E, Kraemer HC, Spiegel D. Decrease in depression symptoms is associated with longer survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a secondary analysis. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29: 413-420.
19.
Frasure-Smith N, Lesperance F. Depression and cardiac risk: present status and future directions. Heart 2010; 96: 173-176.
20.
Li Q, Lin Y, Xu Y, Zhou H. The impact of depression and anxiety on quality of life in Chinese cancer patient-family caregiver dyads, a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16: 230.
21.
Haneef SH, Abdullah M. Effects of dignity therapy for palliative care patients and family caregivers: a systematic review. Cureus 2024; 16: e70431. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.70431.
22.
Sewtz C, Muscheites W, Grosse-Thie C, Kriesen U, Leithaeuser M, Glaeser D i wsp. Longitudinal observation of anxiety and depression among palliative care cancer patients. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10: 3836-3846.
23.
Lo C, Zimmermann C, Rydall A, Walsh A, Jones JM, Moore MJ i wsp. Longitudinal study of depressive symptoms in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal and lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 3084-3089.
24.
Bausewein C, Voltz R, Radbruch L, Simon S. Erweiterte S3-Leitlinie Palliativmedizin für Patienten mit einer nicht-heilbaren Krebserkrankung: Langversion 2.0 . 2.0. Vols 128/001-OL. Berlin: Kohlhammer W.; 2020.
25.
Block SD. Assessing and managing depression in the terminally ill patient. ACP-ASIM End-of-Life Care Consensus Panel. American College of Physicians - American Society of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 209-218.
26.
Gontijo Garcia GS, Meira KC, de Souza AH, Guimarães NS. Anxiety and depression disorders in oncological patients under palliative care at a hospital service: a cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care 2023; 22: 116.
27.
Hayes RD, Lee W, Rayner L, Price A, Monroe B, Hansford P i wsp. Gender differences in prevalence of depression among patients receiving palliative care: the role of dependency. Palliat Med 2012; 26: 696-702.
28.
Burcusa SL, Iacono WG. Risk for recurrence in depression. Clin Psychol Rev 2007; 27: 959-985.
29.
Wilson KG, Chochinov HM, Skirko MG, Allard P, Chary S, Gagnon PR i wsp. Depression and anxiety disorders in palliative cancer care. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007; 33: 118-129.
30.
Khalil A, Faheem M, Fahim A, Innocent H, Mansoor Z, Rizvi S i wsp. Prevalence of depression and anxiety amongst cancer patients in a hospital setting: a cross-sectional study. Psychiatry J 2016; 2016: 3964806.
31.
Schroevers MJ, Ranchor AV, Sanderman R. The role of social support and self-esteem in the presence and course of depressive symptoms: a comparison of cancer patients and individuals from the general population. Soc Sci Med 2003; 57: 375-385.
32.
Braam AW, Van den Eeden P, Prince MJ, Beekman AT, Kivelä SL, Lawlor BA i wsp. Religion as a cross-cultural determinant of depression in elderly Europeans: results from the EURODEP collaboration. Psychol Med 2001; 31: 803-814.
33.
Jeong A, Shin DW, Kim SY, Yang HK, Park JH. Avoidance of cancer communication, perceived social support, and anxiety and depression among patients with cancer. Psychooncology 2016; 25: 1301-1307.
34.
Noorani NH, Montagnini M. Recognizing depression in palliative care patients. J Palliat Med 2007; 10: 458-464.
35.
Block SD. Perspectives on care at the close of life. Psychological considerations, growth, and transcendence at the end of life: the art of the possible. JAMA 2001; 285: 2898-2905.
36.
Pop-Jordanova N. Grief: aetiology, symptoms and management. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2021; 42: 9-18.
37.
Periyakoil VS, Hallenbeck J. Identifying and managing preparatory grief and depression at the end of life. Am Fam Physician 2002; 65: 883-890.
38.
Widera EW, Block SD. Managing grief and depression at the end of life. Am Fam Physician 2012; 86: 259-264.
39.
Pessin H, Olden M, Jacobson C, Kosinski A. Clinical assessment of depression in terminally ill cancer patients: a practical guide. Palliat Support Care 2005; 3: 319-324.
40.
Richardson LA, Jones GW. A review of the reliability and validity of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System. Curr Oncol 2009; 16: 55.
41.
Bruera E, Kuehn N, Miller MJ, Selmser P, Macmillan K. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS): a simple method for the assessment of palliative care patients. J Palliat Care 1991; 7: 6-9.
42.
Bagha SM, Macedo A, Jacks LM, Lo C, Zimmermann C, Rodin G i wsp. The utility of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System in screening for anxiety and depression. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2013; 22: 60-69.
43.
Brenne E, Loge JH, Lie H, Hjermstad MJ, Fayers PM, Kaasa S i wsp. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System: poor performance as screener for major depression in patients with incurable cancer. Palliat Med 2016; 30: 587-598.
44.
Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire. JAMA 1999; 282: 1737-1744.
45.
Hansson M, Chotai J, Nordstöm A, Bodlund O. Comparison of two self-rating scales to detect depression: HADS and PHQ-9. Br J Gen Pract 2009; 59: e283-288.
46.
Hinz A, Mehnert A, Kocalevent RD, Brähler E, Forkmann T, Singer S i wsp. Assessment of depression severity with the PHQ-9 in cancer patients and in the general population. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16: 22.
47.
Kokoszka A, Jastrzêbski A, Obrêbski M. Psychometric properties of the Polish version of Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Psychiatria 2016; 13: 187-193.
48.
Chilcot J, Rayner L, Lee W, Price A, Goodwin L, Monroe B i wsp. The factor structure of the PHQ-9 in palliative care. J Psychosom Res 2013; 75: 60-64.
49.
Krause JS, Reed KS, McArdle JJ. Factor structure and predictive validity of somatic and nonsomatic symptoms from the patient Health Questionnaire-9: a longitudinal study after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 91: 1218-1224.
50.
Krause JS, Saunders LL, Bombardier C, Kalpakjian C. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9: a study of the participants from the spinal cord injury model systems. PM R 2011; 3: 533-540.
51.
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983; 67: 361-370.
52.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Depression in adults with a chronic physical health problem: recognition and management (CG91). 2009.
53.
Wu Y, Levis B, Sun Y, He C, Krishnan A, Neupane D i wsp. Accuracy of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Depression subscale (HADS-D) to screen for major depression: systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. BMJ 2021; 373: n972.
54.
Světláková L, Sláma O, Světlák M, Pochop L, Šedo J, Alexandrová R i wsp. Prevalence of anxiety and depression and their impact on the quality of life of cancer patients treated with palliative antineoplasic therapy – results of the PALINT Trial. Klin Onkol 2019; 32: 201-207.
55.
Qaseem A, Owens DK, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, Tufte J, Cross JT, Wilt TJ i wsp. Nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments of adults in the acute phase of major depressive disorder: a living clinical guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2023; 176: 239-252.
56.
Nierenberg AA, Wright EC. Evolution of remission as the new standard in the treatment of depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60 Suppl 22: 7-11.
57.
Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Ste-wart JW, Warden D i wsp. Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163: 1905-1917.
58.
Grabowski J, Przybylak M. Farmakoterapia depresji u pacjentów z zaawansowanymi chorobami. Palliative Medicine in Practice 2019; 13: 82-89.
59.
Vita G, Compri B, Matcham F, Barbui C, Ostuzzi G. Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 3: CD011006.
60.
Rayner L, Price A, Evans A, Valsraj K, Hotopf M, Higginson IJ. Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in palliative care: systematic review and meta-analysis. Palliat Med 2011; 25: 36–51.
61.
Quitkin FM, McGrath PJ, Rabkin JG, Stewart JW, Harrison W, Ross DC i wsp. Different types of placebo response in patients receiving antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 197-203.
62.
Vitetta L, Kenner D, Kissane D, Sali A. Clinical outcomes in terminally ill patients admitted to hospice care: diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. J Palliat Care 2001; 17: 69-77.
63.
Ferguson JM. SSRI antidepressant medications: adverse effects and tolerability. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 3: 22-27.
64.
Peretti S, Judge R, Hindmarch I. Safety and tolerability considerations: tricyclic antidepressants vs. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2000; 403: 17-25.
65.
Rhondali W, Reich M, Filbet M. A brief review on the use of antidepressants in palliative care: Table 1. European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 2012; 19: 41-44.
66.
Anttila SAK, Leinonen EVJ. A Review of the pharmacological and clinical profile of mirtazapine. CNS Drug Rev 2001; 7: 249-264.
67.
Rayner L, Price A, Hotopf M, Higginson IJ. The development of evidence-based European guidelines on the management of depression in palliative cancer care. Eur J Cancer 2011; 47: 702-712.
68.
Rojo JE, Ros S, Agüera L, de la Gándara J, de Pedro JM. Combined antidepressants: clinical experience. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2005; 428: 25-31.
69.
Calvi A, Fischetti I, Verzicco I, Belvederi Murri M, Zanetidou S, Volpi R i wsp. Antidepressant drugs effects on blood pressure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8: 704281. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.704281.
70.
Mercadante S, Caruselli A, Casuccio A. The use of ketamine in a palliative-supportive care unit: a retrospective analysis. Ann Palliat Med 2018; 7: 205-210.
71.
Hirota K, Lambert DG. Ketamine: its mechanism(s) of action and unusual clinical uses. Br J Anaesth 1996; 77: 441-444.
72.
Fond G, Loundou A, Rabu C, Macgregor A, Lançon C, Brittner M i wsp. Ketamine administration in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231: 3663-3676.
73.
Coyle CM, Laws KR. The use of ketamine as an antidepressant: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 2015; 30: 152-163.
74.
Irwin SA, Iglewicz A, Nelesen RA, Lo JY, Carr CH, Romero SD i wsp. Daily oral ketamine for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients receiving hospice care: a 28-day open-label proof-of-concept trial. J Palliat Med 2013; 16: 958-965.
75.
McNulty JP, Hahn K. Compounded oral ketamine. Int J Pharm Compd 2012; 16: 364-368.
76.
Goldman N, Frankenthaler M, Klepacz L. The efficacy of ketamine in the palliative care setting: a comprehensive review of the literature. J Palliat Med 2019; 22: 1154-1161.
77.
Coyle CM, Laws KR. The use of ketamine as an antidepressant: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 2015; 30: 152-163.
78.
Barbosa MG, Garcia GT, Sarin LM, Jackowski AP. Efficacy and safety of ketamine for the treatment of depressive symptoms in palliative care: a systematic review. Braz J Psychiatry 2023; 45: 182-195.
79.
Swainson J, Thomas RK, Archer S, Chrenek C, MacKay MA, Baker G i wsp. Esketamine for treatment resistant depression. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19: 899-911.
80.
Tomy M, Alexander W, Gupta S, Schaefer D, Case AA. Adjunctive intranasal esketamine for comorbid treatment-
81.
resistant depression with suicidal ideation in patients receiving palliative care at a comprehensive cancer center: a case series. J Palliat Med 2025; 28: 131-136.
82.
Kimko HC, Cross JT, Abernethy DR. Pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of methylphenidate. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999; 37: 457-470.
83.
Star A, Candy B, Jones L, Tookman A, King M, Stone P. 167 Methylphenidate for depression in palliative care – what’s new? BMJ Support Palliat Care 2018; 8: A70-A71.
84.
Kerr CW, Drake J, Milch RA, Brazeau DA, Skretny JA, Bra-zeau GA i wsp. Effects of methylphenidate on fatigue and depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012; 43: 68-77.
85.
Centeno C, Sanz A, Cuervo MA, Ramos D, Hernansanz S, Gonzalez J i wsp. Multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of methylphenidate on depressive symptoms in advanced cancer patients. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2012; 2: 328-333.
86.
Sullivan DR, Mongoue-Tchokote S, Mori M, Goy E, Ganzini L. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of methylphenidate for the treatment of depression in SSRI-treated cancer patients receiving palliative care. Psychooncology 2017; 26: 1763-1769.
87.
Ng CG, Boks MPM, Roes KCB, Zainal NZ, Sulaiman AH, Tan SB i wsp. Rapid response to methylphenidate as an add-on therapy to mirtazapine in the treatment of major depressive disorder in terminally ill cancer patients: a four-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. EurNeuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24: 491-498.
88.
Stone PC, Minton O, Richardson A, Buckle P, Enayat ZE, Marston L i wsp. Methylphenidate versus placebo for treating fatigue in patients with advanced cancer: randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42: 2382-2392.
89.
Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Andersson G, van Oppen P. Psychotherapy for depression in adults: a meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies. J Consult Clin Psychol 2008; 76: 909-922.
90.
Suszek H, Grzesiuk L, Sty³a R, Krawczyk K. Who and how conducts psychotherapy in Poland. Part II. Results from a nationwide survey. Psychiatria 2017; 14: 90-100.
91.
Fulton JJ, Newins AR, Porter LS, Ramos K. Psychotherapy targeting depression and anxiety for use in palliative care: a meta-analysis. J Palliat Med 2018; 21: 1024-1037.
92.
Cuijpers P, Berking M, Andersson G, Quigley L, Kleiboer A, Dobson KS. A meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult depression, alone and in comparison with other treatments. Can J Psychiatry 2013; 58: 376-385.
93.
Greer JA, Traeger L, Bemis H, Solis J, Hendriksen ES, Park ER i wsp. A pilot randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety in patients with terminal cancer. Oncologist 2012; 17: 1337-1345.
94.
Kwekkeboom KL, Abbott-Anderson K, Cherwin C, Roiland R, Serlin RC, Ward SE. Pilot randomized controlled trial of a patient-controlled cognitive-behavioral intervention for the pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance symptom cluster in cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012; 44: 810-822.
95.
Serfaty M, King M, Nazareth I, Moorey S, Aspden T, Mannix K i wsp. Effectiveness of cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression in advanced cancer: CanTalk randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2020; 216: 213-221.
96.
Moorey S, Cort E, Kapari M, Monroe B, Hansford P, Mannix K i wsp. A cluster randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy for common mental disorders in patients with advanced cancer. Psychol Med 2009; 39: 713-723.
97.
Hassan S, Bennett K, Serfaty M. Delivering cognitive behavioural therapy to advanced cancer patients: A qualitative exploration into therapists’ experiences within a UK psychological service. Clin Psychol Psychother 2018; 25: 565-574.
98.
Bishop SR, Lau M, Shapiro S, Carlson L, Anderson ND, Carmody J i wsp. Mindfulness: a proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 2004; 11: 230-241.
99.
Strauss C, Cavanagh K, Oliver A, Pettman D. Mindfulness-based interventions for people diagnosed with a current episode of an anxiety or depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. PLoS One 2014; 9: e96110. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096110.
100.
Look ML, Tan SB, Hong LL, Ng CG, Yee HA, Lim LY i wsp. Symptom reduction in palliative care from single session mindful breathing: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2021; 11: 433-439.
101.
Reangsing C, Punsuwun S, Keller K. Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on depression in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22: 15347354231220616. DOI: 10.1177/15347354231220617
102.
Zhang Q, Zhao H, Zheng Y. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on symptom variables and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients – a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27: 771-781.
103.
Wojczulis T, Ziemek K, ¯ukowska E, Janota A, Dzier¿anowski T. The use of mindfulness practices in alleviating mental disorders in patients under palliative care. Palliat Med 2024; 16: 161-166.
104.
Haber D. Life review: implementation, theory, research, and therapy. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2006; 63: 153-171.
105.
Steinhauser KE, Alexander SC, Byock IR, George LK, Olsen MK, Tulsky JA. Do preparation and life completion discussions improve functioning and quality of life in seriously ill patients? Pilot randomized control trial. J Palliat Med 2008; 11: 1234-1240.
106.
Keall RM, Clayton JM, Butow PN. Therapeutic life review in palliative care: a systematic review of quantitative evaluations. J Pain Symptom Manage 2015; 49: 747-761.
107.
Chochinov HM, Hack T, Hassard T, Kristjanson LJ, McClement S, Harlos M. Dignity and psychotherapeutic considerations in end-of-life care. J Palliat Care 2004; 20: 134-142.
108.
Julião M, Barbosa A, Oliveira F, Nunes B, Vaz Carneiro A. Efficacy of dignity therapy for depression and anxiety in terminally ill patients: early results of a randomized controlled trial. Palliat Support Care 2013; 11: 481-489.
109.
Chochinov HM, Kristjanson LJ, Breitbart W, McClement S, Hack TF, Hassard T i wsp. Effect of dignity therapy on distress and end-of-life experience in terminally ill patients: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 753-762.
110.
Julião M, Oliveira F, Nunes B, Vaz Carneiro A, Barbosa A. Efficacy of dignity therapy on depression and anxiety in Portuguese terminally ill patients: a phase II randomized controlled trial. J Palliat Med 2014; 17: 688-695.
111.
Seiler A, Amann M, Hertler C, Christ SM, Schettle M, Kaeppeli BM i wsp. Effects of dignity therapy on psychological distress and wellbeing of palliative care patients and family caregivers – a randomized controlled study. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23: 73. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01408-4.
112.
Fitchett G, Emanuel L, Handzo G, Boyken L, Wilkie DJ. Care of the human spirit and the role of dignity therapy: a systematic review of dignity therapy research. BMC Palliat Care 2015; 14: 8. doi: 10.1186/s12904-015-0007-1.
