Introduction . Erythema nodosum belongs to a group of diseases connected with subcutaneous tissue inflammation. It occurs mainly in people 20-40 years of age, more frequently in women. Typical changes appear as inflammatory nodules on the frontal surface of lower legs. There is a significant influence of streptococcal infections on erythema nodosum appearance.

Objective . To present a case of erythema nodosum in a child caused by tonsillitis.

Case report . A 9-year old girl was admitted to the Department with numerous, tender, red nodules on the anterior parts of the lower legs. Physical examinations revealed hypertrophy of tonsils. Laboratory examinations showed increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased level of C-reactive protein and anti-streptolysin O (ASO). After systemic and topical treatment, significant improvement was achieved.

Conclusions . In cases of erythema nodosum in children, it is important to exclude infections of the upper respiratory tract and to carry out the proper treatment.