Evaluation of oxaliplatin-induced pulmonary toxicity in rats

Introduction
The mechanism of oxaliplatin (OXA) induced pulmonary toxicity is not fully understood.

Aim of the study
The present study was designed to investigate the pulmonary toxicity of OXA that has been reported in previous studies. Study design: animal experiments.

Material and methods
A total of 40 female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. In group 1, 5% glucose was injected intra-peritoneally; then the rats were sacrificed on day 14. OXA was administered in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5; then the animals were sacrificed on day 7 in group 2, day 14 in group 3, day 28 in group 4 and day 48 in group 5. The groups were further categorized as short-term administration and long-term administration groups. Furthermore, tissue glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was measured in all rats.

Results
The mean GPX activities were 0.66 U/mg in the sham group, 0.74 U/mg in the short-term groups, and 0.74 U/mg in the long-term groups. We found that long-term OXA administration causes pulmonary toxicity resulting in increased intra-alveolar/interstitial macrophages and interstitial pneumonia. Similarly, we found reduced and permanent tissue GPX activity in rats that received OXA in higher doses and for a long term.

Conclusions
Long-term OXA therapy causes toxic changes in the lung tissue.