Burnout is a widespread phenomenon among nursing staff in Poland. A significant increase in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced professional efficacy was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the substantial impact of crisis situations on nurses’ mental well-being and professional functioning. The aim of this study was to conduct a narrative literature review of publications from 2020 to 2024 addressing burnout among nursing personnel in Poland. The analysis included articles published in two peer-reviewed Polish scientific journals: Nursing in the 21^st Century and Nursing Problems. All issues from the selected period were reviewed, and six articles met the inclusion criteria, of which four fully met the methodological assumptions. The findings indicate that the main factors contributing to burnout include excessive workload, insufficient organizational support, low remuneration, emotional stress, and limited opportunities for professional development. Burnout may adversely affect both the professional and personal quality of life of nurses, as well as the quality of patient care.