Gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis: pathogenesis, classification, and therapeutic management

Krzysztof Simon; Marlena Stryczek-Lis; Kamil Stępień

doi:10.5114/ceh.2026.158355

eISSN: 2449-8238
ISSN: 2392-1099

Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Editorial board Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures

Editorial System

Submit your Manuscript

Editorial Policies

Sarajevo Declaration on Integrity and Visibility of Scholarly Publications

Send email

Copy url:

abstract:

Review paper

Gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis: pathogenesis, classification, and therapeutic management

Krzysztof Simon

^{1, 2}

,

Marlena Stryczek-Lis

²

,

Kamil Stępień

²

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
1st (Clinical) Infectious Diseases Department, J. Gromkowski Regional Specialist Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland

Clin Exp HEPATOL 2026; 12, 1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2026.158355

Online publish date: 2026/01/08

View full text Get citation

PlumX metrics:

This review paper discusses the pathogenesis, classification, and principles of prevention and treatment of portal hypertension, with particular emphasis on gastric varices. Gastric varices are less common than esophageal varices, but have distinct pathophysiology, classification, and management strategies, which justifies presenting them separately from other varices. The topics covered are based on the Baveno VII consensus, recommendations and findings from studies conducted in other countries, as well as on the authors’ own clinical experience. This paper is an expanded and updated version of the article published in Hepatologia (2025; 25: 96-101).

keywords:

Gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis: pathogenesis, classification, and therapeutic management

Krzysztof Simon 1, 2 , Marlena Stryczek-Lis 2 , Kamil Stępień 2

liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric varices

Krzysztof Simon

^{1, 2}

,

Marlena Stryczek-Lis

²

,

Kamil Stępień

²