History of prenatal cardiology in the world and in Poland

Łucja H. Biały; Maria Respondek-Liberska

doi:10.5114/pcard.2025.161541

eISSN: 2449-6731
ISSN: 2449-6723

Prenatal Cardiology

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abstract:

Review paper

History of prenatal cardiology in the world and in Poland

Łucja H. Biały

¹

,

Maria Respondek-Liberska

^{1, 2}

Department of Prenatal Cardiology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Department of Fetal Malformations Diagnosis and Prevention, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

Prenat Cardio 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pcard.2025.161541

Online publish date: 2026/05/06

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Prenatal cardiology is a relatively new field of medicine, referring to the circulatory system of the fetus, and it combines different disciplines, such as embryology, physiology, genetics, and cardiology. Its main purpose is the detection and diagnosis of congenital heart defects (CHD) and other disorders of the fetal cardiovascular system. Although seemingly new, it dates back to the 17th century, when the cardiovascular system was first described by anatomists, such as William Harvey and later Johann Friedrich Meckel and Caspar Bartholin. However, nowadays it has developed into fetal cardiac assessment done via ultrasound or fetal MRI. Its rapid development started in the 1970s and 1980s, and it is still a vastly studied subject in fetal cardiology centres all over the world.

keywords:

History of prenatal cardiology in the world and in Poland

Łucja H. Biały 1 , Maria Respondek-Liberska 1, 2

prenatal cardiology, fetal medicine, prenatal diagnosis

Łucja H. Biały

¹

,

Maria Respondek-Liberska

^{1, 2}