Internet addiction – diagnostic difficulties and treatment

Internet-related addictions are a relatively new group of mental disorders – behavioural disorders, which include e.g. addictions to social media, smartphones and online games. The severity of symptoms and the increasing prevalence of this phenomenon make it one of the most prominent mental health problems of present times. This article is a narrative literature review that aims to discuss diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches to internet and new technology addictions.

These addictions can significantly impair daily functioning, relationships and overall well-being. Despite numerous scientific studies and the considerable number of sufferers, current versions of leading medical classifications have not considered any of the internet-related addictions, except those related to video games. Their similarity and co-occurrence with well-known mental disorders make it possible to treat internet addicts with many of the frequently used drugs and therapeutic interventions. There have been promising results with bupropion, especially when combined with psychotherapy, which shows its potential as part of a combined therapy approach.

Diagnosis is the first step toward effective therapy; thus, structured criteria for all forms of new technology and internet addictions are urgently needed. The review covers diagnostic classifications, screen­ing tools, and available pharmacological and psychological treatment approaches. In further studies, attention should also be paid to exploring reliable and effective ways to treat this new and rapidly growing group of mental disorders. Early intervention, public awareness and specia­lised care are crucial to addressing their long-term impact on individuals and society.