Tissue ischaemia is an important factor in the development of several eye diseases. The commonly accepted idea regarding management of ischaemic effects is that a normal blood flow should be increased. Trimetazidine, an anti-ischaemic agent, can have a positive effect on retinal disorders with an ischaemic component. Trimetazidine seems to have an influence on selected visual parameters (improves visual acuity and contrast sensitivity) as an additional therapy in treatment of patients with primary open angle glaucoma and degenerative myopia. A positive effect on other retinal disorders with an ischaemic component, e.g. diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or inflammatory diseases, requires further investigations.