Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism
en POLSKI
eISSN: 2083-8441
ISSN: 2081-237X
Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Supplements Editorial board Reviewers Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
SCImago Journal & Country Rank
Search
Editorial Policies
Sarajevo Declaration on Integrity and Visibility of Scholarly Publications

Open access

without publication fees

Journal integrated with

integrated with publons
4/2025
vol. 31
 
Share:
Send email
Share:
Original paper

Long-term effects of growth hormone on body composition and metabolic  parameters in girls with Turner syndrome

Ewa Błaszczyk
1
,
Anna-Mariia Shulhai
2
,
Joanna Gieburowska
1
,
Aneta Gawlik
1

  1. Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2025; 31 (4): 161-168
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2025.158549
Online publish date: 2026/01/27
Article file
- 0413_Long-term effects.pdf  [0.85 MB]
Get citation
 
PlumX metrics:
 
1. Gravholt CH, Andersen NH, Conway GS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: Proceedings from the 2016 Cincinnati International Turner Syndrome Meeting. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 177: G1–70. doi: 10.1530/EJE-17-0430.
2. Gravholt CH, Hjerrild BE, Mosekilde L, et al. Body composition is distinctly altered in Turner syndrome: Relations to glucose metabolism, circulating adipokines, and endothelial adhesion molecules. Eur J Endocrinol 2006; 155: 583–592. doi: 10.1530/eje.1.02267.
3. O’Gorman CS, Syme C, Lang J, Bradley TJ, Wells GD, Hamilton JK. An evaluation of early cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with Turner syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013; 78: 907–913. doi: 10.1111/cen.12079.
4. Gravholt CH, Juul S, Naeraa RW, Hansen J. Morbidity in Turner syndrome. J Clin Epidemiol 1998 Feb 1;51(2):147–158. doi: 10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00237-0.
5. Caprio S, Boulware S, Diamond M, et al. Insulin Resistance: An Early Metabolic Defect of Turner’s Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 72: 832–836. doi: 10.1210/jcem-72-4-832.
6. Radetti G, Pasquino B, Gottardi E, et al. Insulin sensitivity in Turner's syndrome: influence of GH treatment. Eur J Endocrinol 2004; 151: 351–354. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1510351.
7. Błaszczyk E, Shulhai AM, Gieburowska J, et al. Components of the metabolic syndrome in girls with Turner syndrome treated with growth hormone in a long term prospective study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14: 1216464. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1216464. 
8. Mondal S, Gargari P, Bose C, Garg MK, Chowdhury S, Mukhopadhyay S. Abnormal Body Composition Increases the Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents and Young Adults With Turner Syndrome. Endocr Pract 2024; 30: 259–269. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.11.013.
9. Schoemaker MJ, Swerdlow AJ, Higgins CD, et al; United Kingdom Clinical Cytogenetics Group.  Mortality in Women with Turner Syndrome in Great Britain: A National Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 4735–4742. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1049.
10. Cole TJ, Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes 2012; 7: 284–294. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x.
11. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child 1969; 44: 291–303. doi: 10.1136/adc.44.235.291.
12. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, et al. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28: 412–419. doi: 10.1007/BF00280883.
13. Cutfield WS, Jefferies CA, Jackson WE, et al. Evaluation of HOMA and QUICKI as measures of insulin sensitivity in prepubertal children. Pediatr Diabetes 2003; 4: 119–125. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-5448.2003.t01-1-00022.x. 
14. Doknic M, Stojanovic M, Markovic A. Transition Period and Young Adulthood in Patients with Childhood Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency (COGHD): Impact of Growth Hormone Replacement on Bone Mass and Body Composition. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25: 10313. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910313.
15. Bengtsson BÅ, Brummer RJ, Bosaeus I. Growth Hormone and Body Composition. Horm Res 1990; 33 (Suppl. 4): 19–24. doi: 10.1159/000181579.
16. Ferruzzi A, Vrech M, Pietrobelli A, et al. The influence of growth hormone on pediatric body composition: A systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14: 1093691. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1093691.
17. Wooten N, Bakalov VK, Hill S, Bondy CA. Reduced abdominal adiposity and improved glucose tolerance in growth hormone-treated girls with Turner syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 2109–2114. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-2266. 
18. Gnacińska M, Magnuszewska H, Sworczak K. Metabolic consequences of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in patients with Turner syndrome. Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2022; 29: 16–21. doi: 10.5114/pedm.2022.123204.
19. Gravholt CH, Naeraa RW, Brixen K, et al. Short-Term Growth Hormone Treatment in Girls With Turner Syndrome Decreases Fat Mass and Insulin Sensitivity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Pediatrics 2002; 110: 889–896. doi: 10.1542/peds.110.5.889. 
20. Bannink EMN, van der Palen RLF, Mulder PGH, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SMPF. Long-Term Follow-Up of GH-Treated Girls with Turner Syndrome: Metabolic Consequences. Horm Res Paediatr 2009; 71: 343–349. doi: 10.1159/000223419.
21. Gravholt CH, Andersen NH, Christin-Maitre S, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: Proceedings from the 2023 Aarhus International Turner Syndrome Meeting. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190: G1–G70. doi: 10.1530/EJE-17-0430.

Termedia
About us Contact
Copyright notice Privacy policy Advertising policy Contact us
Quick links
Journals Books eBooks Events
© 2026 Termedia Sp. z o.o.
Developed by Bentus.