Pneumonia is the cause of 12% of all cases of lower respiratory tract infections treated in outpatient clinics and constitute the second cause of hospital acquired infections. They are responsible for 20–50% of total consumption of antibiotics and cause very high direct and indirect costs of treatment. In most cases pneumonia is caused by bacterias. Because of growing resistance of microbials to commonly used antibiotics, it is necessary to use large-scale preventive activities and to look for new chemotherapeutic agents, which ensure high efficiency in treatment of respiratory infections, including pneumonia. Therefore, it is necessary to increase knowledge in new chemioterapeutics that are already used in the therapy and chemioterapeutics that are currently undergoing the registration process, which will be available in the near future.