New trends in ophthalmology are presented in three disease groups leading in rankings of blindness in the developed world. There are new techniques of phacoemulsification as well as new advanced IOLs causing new indications for surgery in age-related cataracts. There is a new definition of glaucoma as well as its new diagnostic and management principles. The third group, neovascular form of AMD, permanently increasing as a major cause of blindness, is successfully treated with intravitreal injections of VEGF antibodies. Playing a major role in this progress are new imagining techniques, GDx, HRT and OCT, as instruments of diagnosis and monitoring in glaucoma and retinal diseases.