Advances in Interventional Cardiology
eISSN: 1897-4295
ISSN: 1734-9338
Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej
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1/2026
vol. 22
 
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Original paper

Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases

Ewa Peszek-Przybyła
1
,
Marek Jędrzejek
1
,
Piotr Pysz
1
,
Tomasz Gallina
1
,
Wojciech Wojakowski
1
,
Grzegorz Smolka
2

  1. Division of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Adv Interv Cardiol 2026; 22, 1 (83): 80–85
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2026.160024
Online publish date: 2026/03/09
Article file
- Percutaneous.pdf  [0.21 MB]
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1. Saker E, Bahri GN, Montalbano MJ, et al. Gerbode defect: a comprehensive review of its history, anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2017; 29: 283-92.
2. Kelle AM, Young L, Kaushal S, et al. The Gerbode defect: the significance of a left ventricular to right atrial shunt. Cardiol Young 2009; 19 Suppl 2: 96-9.
3. Ming Wang TK, Betancor J, Ho N, et al. Clinical characteristics and multimodality imaging-guided management and outcomes of gerbode defects in adults: 20-year experience. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75: 2520-1.
4. Kavurt AV, Ece İ, Bağrul D. Transcatheter closure of post-operative type 1 Gerbode defect by Amplatzer Duct Occluder 2. Cardiol Young 2021; 31: 1545-7.
5. Abdi S, Momtahen M, Shafe O. Transcatheter closure of iatrogenic Gerbode defect with an Amplatzer duct occluder in a 23-year-old patient. J Cardiol Cases 2015; 12: 45-7.
6. Mijangos-Vázquez R, Hernández-Reyes R, López-Jiménez JR. Percutaneous closure of an acquired and iatrogenic left ventricular-right atrium communication (Gerbode defect) with an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II. J Cardiol Cases 2019; 21: 24-7.
7. Peñalver J, Shatila W, Silva GV. Percutaneous closure of 2 paravalvular leaks and a gerbode defect after mitral valve replacement for infective endocarditis. Tex Heart Inst J 2017; 44: 153-6.
8. Yuan SM. Left ventricular to right atrial shunt (Gerbode defect): congenital versus acquired. Adv Interv Interv 2014; 10: 185-94.
9. Sinisalo J, Sreeram N, Qureshi SA. Transcatheter closure of acquired left ventricle to right atrium shunts. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 82: E809-14.
10. Taskesen T, Prouse AF, Goldberg SL, et al Gerbode defect: another nail for the 3D transesophagel echo hammer? Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 31: 753-64.
11. Haddad RN, Houeijeh A, Odemis E, et al. MIOS-MFO, a multicenter international observational study of the Lifetech KONAR-MFventricular septal defect occluder in treating perimembranous ventricular septal defects. Rev Esp Cardiol 2025; 78: 947-56.
12. Breatnach CR, Walsh KP. Ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm and gerbode defects: patient and procedural selection: the key to optimising outcomes. Curr Cardiol Rep 2018; 20: 90.
13. Sinisalo JP, Sreeram N, Jokinen E, Qureshi SA. Acquired left ventricular-right atrium shunts. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 39: 500-6.
14. Bentham JR, Gujral A, Adwani S, et al. Does the technique of interventional closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect reduce the incidence of heart block? Cardiol Young 2011; 21: 271-80.
15. Boukaram L, Haddad RN, Daou L, et al. Transcatheter closure of congenital Gerbode-type ventricular septal defect using the new multifunctional occluder device. J Card Surg 2021; 36: 2986-8.
16. Haddad RN, Boudjemline Y, Combes N, et al. Three centers experience with device closure of congenital Gerbode-type perimembranous ventricular septal defects. J Card Surg 2022; 37: 2714-24.
17. Yuan SM. A systematic review of acquired left ventricle to right atrium shunts (Gerbode defects). Hellenic J Cardiol 2015; 56: 357-72.
18. Tucker EM, Pyles LA, Bass JL, Moller JH. Permanent pacemaker for atrioventricular conduction block after operative repair of perimembranous ventricular septal defect. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50: 1196-200.
19. Bichali S, Houeijeh A, Godart F. Late complete atrioventricular block after transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect closure with the KONAR-MF™ VSD occluder: a case report and systematic review. Cardiol Young 2024; 34: 2480-3.
Copyright: © 2026 Termedia Sp. z o. o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

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