Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Early detection through regular screening significantly reduces CRC morbidity and mortality.

Objectives

To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary healthcare professionals in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia, regarding CRC screening and to identify barriers to implementing effective screening practices.

Material and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among primary healthcare physicians (PHPs) in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia, from October 10, 2024, to December 20, 2024. Data was collected using a validated electronic questionnaire that covered demographic information, knowledge, perceived effectiveness of screening methods, and attitudes toward screening. The inclusion criteria encompassed both genders working in primary healthcare centers in the Al-Baha region as residents, specialists, or consultants who consented to participate in the study.

Results

A total of 127 primary healthcare professionals participated in the study. Family medicine specialists demonstrated higher knowledge levels compared to general practitioners (p < 0.05). While 55.9% of respondents correctly identified the recommended starting age for CRC screening as 45 years, 33.1% incorrectly believed it to be 50 years. Overall, only 29.9% of the participants demonstrated an adequate level of knowledge, while 43.3% showed a positive attitude toward CRC screening.

Conclusions

The study revealed that primary healthcare professionals exhibited inadequate knowledge and attitudes regarding CRC screening. Therefore, we recommend enhancing educational programs for PHPs. Additionally, we suggest increasing public awareness, as this remains one of the major barriers limiting colon cancer screening.