Contemporary Oncology
eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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1/2026
vol. 30
 
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Retracted: Evaluation of morphology and angiogenesis of breast cancer in BALB/c mice using trypsin inhibitor from Cucumis melo seeds. In vitro and in vivo study

Shahla Rezaei
1
,
Negar Azarpira
2
,
Farhad Koohpeyma
3
,
Reza Yousefi
4
,
Saeid Doaei
5
,
Mojdeh Heidari
2
,
Maryam Gholamalizadeh
6
,
Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
7
,
Zohreh Mazloom
8

  1. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  3. Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  4. Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
  5. Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  8. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2026; 30 (1): 102
Online publish date: 2026/03/24
Article file
- Retracted.pdf  [0.04 MB]
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Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2022; 26 (3): 204-219

https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2022.120700

After carefully reviewing authors explanations and the materials submitted, we must conclude that the concerns raised regarding image duplication have not been satisfactorily addressed.

Authors’ statement that the Control and PBS panels were “inadvertently generated from the same microscopy field” is difficult to reconcile with the fact that these represent distinct experimental conditions, which should have separate samples and independent image sets. A duplication across different treatment groups cannot be adequately explained as a simple figure-assembly error.

Furthermore, the additional images provided at this stage do not resolve the core issue concerning the integrity of the visual data originally presented.

Given the nature of the discrepancies and the absence of a convincing reconstruction of the original figure using appropriate primary data, we do not have sufficient grounds to consider the published material scientifically reliable. After internal editorial consultation, we have concluded that retraction of the article is the appropriate course of action.

This notice is intended solely to alert readers that the content of this article is unreliable.

ADDITION: As a result of the investigation conducted by the parent entity to which the first author of the article was affiliated, admonishments were imposed on all authors, with the first author being responsible for manipulating the research data included in the article, which is scientific dishonesty, and the content contained in the article is not credible.

Copyright: © 2026 Termedia Sp. z o. o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
 
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