1. Reck M, Remon J, Hellmann MD. First-line immunotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40: 586-597.
2.
Sun S, Xu L, Zhang X, et al. Systematic assessment of transcriptomic biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade response in cancer immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13: 1639.
3.
Han J, Meng Q, Shen L, Wu G. Interleukin-6 induces fat loss in cancer cachexia by promoting white adipose tissue lipolysis and browning. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17: 14.
4.
Sun Y, Deng M, Gevaert O, Aberle M, Olde Damink SW, van Dijk D, et al. Tumor metabolic activity is associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity and survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Nutr 2024; 43: 1809-1815.
5.
Pei X, Xie Y, Liu Y, Cai X, Hong L, Yang X, et al. Imaging-based adipose biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review. Front Oncol 2023; 13: 1198723.
6.
Trestini I, Caldart A, Dodi A, Avancini A, Tregnago D, Sartori G, et al. Body composition as a modulator of response to immunotherapy in lung cancer: time to deal with it. ESMO Open 2021; 6: 100095.
7.
Popinat G, Cousse S, Goldfarb L, Becker S, Gardin I, Salaün M, et al. Sub-cutaneous fat mass measured on multislice computed tomography of pretreatment PET/CT is a prognostic factor of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer treated by nivolumab. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8: e1580128.
8.
Baldessari C, Pecchi A, Marcheselli R, Guaitoli G, Bonacini R, Valoriani F, et al. Body composition and inflammation impact in non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated by first-line immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2021; 13: 1501-1519.
9.
Greco F, Piccolo CL, D’Andrea V, Scardapane A, Beomonte Zobel B, Mallio CA. Fat matters: exploring cancer risk through the lens of computed tomography and visceral adiposity. J Clin Med 2024; 13: 453.
10.
Chaunzwa TL, Qian JM, Li Q, Ricciuti B, Nuernberg L, Johnson JW, et al. Body composition in advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy. JAMA Oncol 2024; 10: 773-783.
11.
Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40: 373-383.
12.
Altman DG, Bland JM. Quartiles, quintiles, centiles, and other quantiles. BMJ 1994; 309: 996.
13.
Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, et al. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 489-495.
14.
Petruzzelli M, Schweiger M, Schreiber R, Campos-Olivas R, Tsoli M, Allen J, et al. A switch from white to brown fat increases energy expenditure in cancer-associated cachexia. Cell Metab 2014; 20: 433-447.
15.
Strand K, Stiglund N, Haugstøyl ME, Kamyab Z, Langhelle V, Lawrence-Archer L, et al. Subtype-specific surface proteins on adipose tissue macrophages and their association to obesity-induced insulin resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13: 856530.
16.
Mojibi Y, Seif F, Mojibi N, Aghamajidi A, Mohsenzadegan M, To- rang HA. Efficacy of immunotherapy in obese patients with cancer. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44: 471-483.
17.
Wang Z, Aguilar EG, Luna JI, Dunai C, Khuat LT, Le CT, et al. Paradoxical effects of obesity on T cell function during tumor progression and PD-1 checkpoint blockade. Nat Med 2019; 25: 141-151.
18.
Bu LL, Yu GT, Wu L, Mao L, Deng WW, Liu JF, et al. STAT3 induces immunosuppression by upregulating PD-1/PD-L1 in HNSCC. J Dent Res 2017; 96: 1027-1034.
19.
Woodall MJ, Neumann S, Campbell K, Pattison ST, Young SL. The effects of obesity on anti-cancer immunity and cancer immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12: 1230.
20.
Liu XS, Pompey KT. Bootstrap estimate of bias for intraclass correlation. J Appl Meas 2020; 21: 101-108.
21.
Pellegrini M, Besutti G, Ottone M, Canovi S, Bonelli E, Venturelli F, et al. Abdominal fat characteristics and mortality in rectal cancer: a retrospective study. Nutrients 2023; 15: 374.
22.
Yaacobi Peretz S, Kessner R, Bar Y, Sonnenblick A, Lerner S, Deutsch-Lukatsky A, et al. Body composition metrics as a determinant of trastuzumab deruxtecan related toxicity and response. NPJ Breast Cancer 2025; 11: 38.
23.
Huang LK, Lin YC, Chuang HH, Chuang CK, Pang ST, Wu CT, et al. Body composition as a predictor of oncological outcome in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving intravesical instillation after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Front Oncol 2023; 13: 1180888.
24.
Kapoor ND, Twining PK, Groot OQ, Pielkenrood BJ, Bongers MER, Newman ET, et al. Adipose tissue density on CT as a prognostic factor in patients with cancer: a systematic review. Acta Oncol 2020; 59: 1488-1495.
25.
Zhang J, Yang X, Yang X, Xu J, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al. Prognostic value of SAT volume and density for predicting the outcome of patients with unresectable HCC treated with lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 antibodies. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13: 912-921.
26.
Li Y, Yu Y, Lv K, Ge R, Xie X. Prognostic value of body adipose tissue parameters in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Immunol 2025; 16: 1557726.
27.
Makrakis D, Rounis K, Tsigkas AP, Georgiou A, Galanakis N, Tsakonas G, et al. Effect of body tissue composition on the outcome of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. PLoS One 2023; 18: e0277708.
28.
Qiu Y, Su Y, Xie E, Cheng H, Du J, Xu Y, et al. Mannose metabolism reshapes T cell differentiation to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Cancer Cell 2025; 43: 103-121.e8.
29.
Vita E, Stefani A, Piro G, Mastrantoni L, Cintoni M, Cicchetti G, et al. Leptin-mediated meta-inflammation may provide survival benefit in patients receiving maintenance immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72: 3803-3812.
30.
Dai X, Bu X, Gao Y, Guo J, Hu J, Jiang C, et al. Energy status dictates PD-L1 protein abundance and anti-tumor immunity to enable checkpoint blockade. Mol Cell 2021; 81: 2317-2331.e6.
