The relationship between shift work and the quality of family and social life among nurses: a comparison between outpatient and inpatient care

Introduction
Shift work can have a significant and multifaceted impact on nurses’ family and social lives, primarily due to the irregular and demanding nature of their work. Night shifts disrupt circadian rhythms and daily routines, posing substantial challenges to maintaining stable familial and social relationships. This study aims to examine the impact of shift work on the social and family life of nurses, comparing outpatient and inpatient care settings.

Material and methods
The study was designed and conducted in accordance with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines for observational research. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilising a diagnostic survey method and a proprietary questionnaire. A total of 150 nurses participated in the study. Participation was voluntary, and full anonymity of respondents was ensured. The cross-sectional study was carried out during the second quarter of 2025.

Results
Over 60% of the respondents confirmed that shift work affects their ability to maintain a work-life balance and family and social relationships. The number of working hours and the organisation of the work system significantly impact nurses’ private lives, as those factors can contribute to physical and mental fatigue, and limit time available for family. Nurses in outpatient care more frequently report satisfaction with their personal and family relationships compared to those in inpatient care.

Conclusions
The results indicate that a high frequency of night shifts and an excessive workload negatively impact health and family and social relationships. Nurses employed in inpatient care are more likely to forgo important family events and report greater difficulties in maintaining relationships. In contrast, outpatient care professionals more frequently report higher levels of personal life satisfaction. The number of working hours and the organisation of the work system significantly influence the overall quality of nurses’ private lives.