Nausea and vomiting are the most common gastrointestinal symptoms in palliative medicine patients. Chronic nausea and vomiting are most frequently evoked by the cancer progression, metabolic disturbances, oncology treatment especially chemotherapy, opioids and other drugs administration. The treatment of nausea and vomiting in the course of inoperable bowel obstruction is particularly difficult. In this article pathomechanism and treatment of nausea and vomiting is discussed, which should be based on meticulous assessment of underlying causes and clinical evaluation, which allows to introduce effective treatment and in consequence improve patients’ quality of life.