Often, regarding performing procedures in the forehead, complications occur due to the anatomical variability of the vascular structures in this area. There is a lack of anatomical studies discussing these issues in the available Polish literature. This systematic review aimed to organise the knowledge of the supratrochlear, supraorbital, and frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery, along with their various variants and the complicated topography of their possible branches. In this article, we reviewed the Web of Science and Scopus databases, resulting in 111 publications discussing the anatomy of the forehead arteries. According to acceptance and rejection criteria, we extracted the results from 21 articles. Through a cross-sectional analysis of available scientific sources, this article aims to expand and organise the knowledge of doctor practitioners, cosmetologists, and other medical staff for whom anatomical knowledge is essential to avoid medical errors made during aesthetic and surgical procedures.